Table 2.
Associations Between Patients’ Characteristics and Opioid Poisoning Hospitalization
| Patients’ Characteristics No. (%) | Opioid Poisoning | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N=192) | No (N=70,122) | ||
| Sex: | |||
| Female | 147 (76.6) | 47,847 (68.2) | 1.30 (0.91–1.84) |
| Male | 45 (23.4) | 22,275 (31.8) | |
| Age category, y: | |||
| 65–74 | 66 (34.4) | 18,060 (25.8) | 1.74 (1.13–2.68) |
| 75–84 | 93 (48.4) | 28,847 (41.1) | 1.74 (1.16–2.59) |
| ≥85 | 33 (17.2) | 23,215 (33.1) | Reference |
| Mechanism of injury: | |||
| Fall | 177 (92.2) | 62,107 (88.6) | Reference |
| Motor vehicle accident | 9 (4.7) | 4,603 (6.6) | 0.54 (0.27–1.07) |
| Penetrating | 2 (1.0) | 1,031 (1.5) | 0.63 (0.16–2.59) |
| Other | 4 (2.1) | 2,381 (3.4) | 0.48 (0.18–1.31) |
| Major trauma (ISS>15): | 14 (7.3) | 7,707 (11.0) | 0.74 (0.41–1.32) |
| Intensive care admission: | 25 (13.0) | 7,909 (11.3) | 1.50 (0.96–2.34) |
| Hospital stay duration, median (IQR), days: | 14 (7–26) | 11 (6–22) | 1.01 (1.01–1.01) |
| Alcohol use disorder the year before trauma: | 5 (2.6) | 1,718 (2.5) | 0.99 (0.40–2.46) |
| Substance use disorder the year before trauma: | 6 (3.1) | 424 (0.6) | 3.12 (1.35–7.25) |
| Depression diagnosis the year before trauma: | 16 (8.3) | 3,484 (5.0) | 1.28 (0.75–2.19) |
| Anxiety diagnosis the year before trauma: | 19 (9.9) | 5,381 (7.7) | 0.96 (0.58–1.56) |
| Opioid prescription filled in the year before trauma: | 66 (34.4) | 10,417 (14.9) | 2.41 (1.76–3.30) |
| Opioid prescription filled within 3-month after trauma: | 120 (62.5) | 23,541 (33.6) | 2.80 (2.05–3.80) |
| Opioid poisoning in the year before trauma: | 4 (2.1) | 250 (0.4) | 2.72 (1.01–7.41) |
Note: Bold: Hazard ratios significant at p<0.05.
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.