Table 3.
Associations Between Patients’ Characteristics and Opioid Use Disorder
| Patients’ Characteristics No. (%) | Opioid Use Disorder | HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N=73) | No (N=70,241) | ||
| Sex: | |||
| Female | 58 (79.5) | 47,936 (68.2) | 1.66 (0.90–3.05) |
| Male | 15 (20.5) | 22,305 (31.8) | |
| Age category, y: | |||
| 65–74 | 28 (38.4) | 18,098 (25.8) | 1.52 (0.75–3.09) |
| 75–84 | 33 (45.2) | 28,907 (41.2) | 1.48 (0.76–2.88) |
| 85 and more | 12 (16.4) | 23,236 (33.1) | Reference |
| Mechanism of injury: | |||
| Fall | 62 (84.9) | 62,222 (88.6) | Reference |
| Motor vehicle accident | 5 (6.8) | 4,607 (6.6) | 0.92 (0.36–2.38) |
| Penetrating | 3 (4.1) | 1,030 (1.5) | 3.18 (0.95–10.6) |
| Other | 3 (4.1) | 2,382 (3.4) | 1.01 (0.32–3.22) |
| Major trauma (ISS>15): | 7 (9.6) | 7,714 (11.0) | 1.09 (0.47–2.54) |
| Intensive care admission: | 10 (13.7) | 7,924 (11.3) | 1.59 (0.78–3.28) |
| Hospital stay duration, median (IQR), days: | 10 (6–18) | 11 (6–22) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) |
| Alcohol use disorder the year before trauma: | 3 (4.1) | 1,720 (2.4) | 1.16 (0.35–3.84) |
| Substance use disorder the year before trauma: | 7 (9.6) | 423 (0.6) | 7.12 (3.08–16.5) |
| Depression diagnosis the year before trauma: | 10 (13.7) | 3,490 (5.0) | 1.57 (0.77–3.22) |
| Anxiety diagnosis the year before trauma: | 13 (17.8) | 5,387 (7.7) | 1.58 (0.84–2.97) |
| Opioid poisoning in the year before trauma: | 2 (2.7) | 215 (0.3) | 2.48 (0.60–10.3) |
| Opioid prescription filled in the year before trauma: | 37 (50.7) | 10,446 (14.9) | 3.99 (2.44–6.51) |
| Opioid prescription filled within 3-month after trauma: | 55 (75.3) | 23,606 (33.6) | 4.22 (2.41–7.40) |
Note: Bold: Hazard ratios significant at p<0.05.
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.