Table 13.
Main Analyses: Ozone Effects on Autonomic Function
| Outcomea | Ozone (ppb) | Differences in Effect Estimatesb | 95% CI | Type III SS P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HF | 120 | 545.3 | 9.1 to 1,081.4 | 0.067 |
| (ms2; 5 min) | 70 | –13.0 | –540.6 to 514.7 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| LF | 120 | 150.8 | –27.0 to 328.5 | 0.109 |
| (ms2; 5 min) | 70 | –25.4 | –200.2 to 149.5 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| Ln of RMSSD | 120 | –0.012 | –0.071 to 0.046 | 0.811 |
| (ms; 24 hr) | 70 | 0.006 | –0.052 to 0.064 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| LF/HF | 120 | 0.04 | –0.54 to 0.63 | 0.921 |
| (5 min) | 70 | 0.12 | –0.46 to 0.70 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| RMSSD | 120 | 2.9 | 0.2 to 5.7 | 0.116 |
| (ms; 5 min) | 70 | 1.3 | –1.4 to 4.0 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| SDNN | 120 | –1.3 | –5.8 to 3.3 | 0.757 |
| (ms; 5 min) | 70 | –1.6 | –6.1 to 2.9 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| SDNN | 120 | 2.4 | –1.7 to 6.5 | 0.514 |
| (ms; 24 hr) | 70 | 1.0 | –3.0 to 5.1 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| HR | 120 | –0.4 | –1.3 to 0.5 | 0.650 |
| (beats/min; 5 min) | 70 | –0.3 | –1.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| Ln of HF | 120 | 0.003 | –0.092 to 0.098 | 0.730 |
| (ms; 24 hr) | 70 | –0.031 | –0.126 to 0.063 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| Ln of LF | 120 | 0.000 | –0.064 to 0.064 | 0.930 |
| (ms; 24 hr) | 70 | –0.010 | –0.074 to 0.053 | |
| 0 | — | — | ||
| HR | 120 | 0.3 | –0.6 to 1.1 | 0.736 |
| (beats/min; 24 hr) | 70 | 0.3 | –0.5 to 1.2 | |
| 0 | — | — |
a Primary outcomes are bolded.
b Change from pre- to post-exposure for each ozone concentration, compared to change from pre- to post-exposure at 0 ppb.