TABLE 2.

Clinical Characteristics of TSC and CAU Samples at Baseline^a

Variable	TSC, n = 190	CAU, n = 179	Statistic	p Value
PSS suicide attempt itemb	28 (14.74)	18 (10.06)	χ2(368) = 1.85	0.17
PHQ-9, item 9c	13 (6.84)	5 (2.79)	χ2(368) = 3.26	0.07
PHQ-9 total scored	7.28 (4.90)	6.75 (4.65)	t(367) = 1.06	0.29
GAD-7 total scoree	5.25 (4.62)f	4.91 (4.31)	t(366) = 0.72	0.47
IADL total score g	1.14 (1.67)	0.86 (1.48)f	t(366) = 1.71	0.09
Lonelinessh	156 (82%)	140 (79%)	Z(366)i = 1.36	0.17
Perceived burdenh	59 (31%)	55 (31%)	Z(366)i = 0.37	0.71

CAU: care as usual; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 7-item anxiety symptom scale; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire, 9-item depression symptoms scale; PSS: Paykel Suicide Scale; TSC: The Senior Connection intervention.

^aData are presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.

^bThePaykel Suicide Scale item indicates the number (percentage) in each group that endorsed one or more suicide attempts at any time in their lives.

^cPHQ-9 item 9 indicates the number (percentage) in each group that endorsed that they would be better off dead or considered hurting themselves in some way at least several days in the last 2 week period.

^dPHQ-9 is a 9-item measure of depressive symptoms with a range of 0–27; higher total scores indicate greater depression. Moderate severity (scores greater than 10) were reported by 29% in TSC and 23% in CAU.

^eGAD-7 is a 7-item measure of anxiety symptoms with a range of 0–21; higher total scores indicate greater anxiety. Moderate severity (scores greater than 10) were reported by 16% in TSC and 14% in CAU.

^fOne subject had missing data.

^gIADLs are measures of instrumental activities of daily living such as shopping, cooking, and using the telephone. Scores represent the number of activities for which assistance is required.

^hLoneliness was assessed with the item, “In the last 2 weeks, I felt lonely,” and perceived burden with the item, “In the last 2 weeks, I felt like a burden on others.” For both items, a positive response was indicated by reporting “somewhat” or “very true for me,” while a negative response was indicated by “not at all true for me.” Values in the table represent the number and percentage with positive responses. Forty-one percent of participants endorsed both loneliness and perceived burden. Only n = 19 participants endorsed perceived burden but denied loneliness.

ⁱZ statistic is for the Cochran-Armitage Trend Test.