TABLE 6.

ORs and 95% CIs for the associations of DASH z-scores and osteoporosis at the lumbar spine and/or femoral neck for men and postmenopausal women¹

	DASH				MeDS				AHEI
	Men (n = 244)		Postmenopausal women (n = 507)		Men (n = 244)		Postmenopausal women (n = 507)		Men (n = 237)		Postmenopausal women (n = 489)
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Osteoporosis
Unadjusted	0.82	0.52, 1.28	0.66	0.50, 0.87	0.88	0.56, 1.37	0.77	0.58, 1.01	0.72	0.44, 1.17	0.68	0.51, 0.90
Model 1	0.84	0.53, 1.33	0.58	0.44, 0.78	0.90	0.58, 1.40	0.76	0.57, 1.00	0.74	0.45, 1.21	0.65	0.49, 0.87
Model 2	0.82	0.50, 1.35	0.60	0.45, 0.81	0.93	0.58, 1.50	0.75	0.56, 0.99	0.72	0.42, 1.25	0.65	0.48, 0.87
Model 3	0.71	0.40, 1.29	0.54	0.39, 0.75	0.85	0.51, 1.42	0.75	0.56, 1.01	0.75	0.41, 1.36	0.64	0.46, 0.88

¹Postmenopausal women excluding estrogen users.

Multivariable logistic regression models were used. Unadjusted model includes the dietary quality index only. Model 1 was adjusted for age. Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 plus BMI and height. Model 3 was adjusted for model 2 plus smoking status, season of bone mineral density measurement (fall, winter, spring, summer), osteoporosis medication use (yes/no), and calcium intake (mg/d), serum vitamin D status (mg/dL).

AHEI, Alternative Health Eating Index-2010; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; MeDS, Mediterranean Diet Score.