Table 3.
Compound | Sample | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raw | Boiling | Steaming (steel pot) | Steaming (combi oven) | Microwaving | Grilling | |
Copper (μg/g DW) | 3.58 ± 0.11a | 3.77 ± 0.05ab | 3.81 ± 0.23ab | 3.81 ± 0.07ab | 3.96 ± 0.14bc | 4.08 ± 0.17c |
Manganese (μg/g DW) | 3.59 ± 0.02cd | 3.02 ± 0.10ab | 3.14 ± 0.06b | 3.44 ± 0.21c | 3.52 ± 0.04c | 3.54 ± 0.15c |
Iron (μg/g DW) | 10.16 ± 0.13a | 10.47 ± 0.26a | 10.29 ± 0.18a | 11.46 ± 0.34b | 12.92 ± 0.22d | 12.41 ± 0.13c |
Zinc (μg/g DW) | 11.77 ± 0.37b | 10.81 ± 0.12a | 11.20 ± 0.24ac | 11.40 ± 0.31bc | 13.41 ± 0.39d | 12.91 ± 0.15d |
Magnesium (μg/g DW) | 879.8 ± 14.2bc | 802.8 ± 8.7a | 861.2 ± 10.9b | 895.2 ± 15.5c | 901.6 ± 2.4c | 897.9 ± 21.1c |
Calcium (μg/g DW) | 212.1 ± 3.2a | 230.6 ± 5.5b | 232.0 ± 5.4b | 241.4 ± 7.9b | 292.1 ± 5.1d | 271.2 ± 8.8c |
Sodium (μg/g DW) | 26.75 ± 0.35a | 26.36 ± 0.53a | 26.24 ± 0.39a | 27.02 ± 0.62ab | 28.02 ± 0.49c | 27.63 ± 0.38bc |
Potassium (mg/g DW) | 20.20 ± 0.16c | 19.20 ± 0.20a | 19.81 ± 0.25b | 21.38 ± 0.31d | 21.97 ± 0.12e | 22.17 ± 0.19e |
Phosphorus (mg/g DW) | 2.20 ± 0.02a | 2.18 ± 0.01a | 2.27 ± 0.04b | 2.37 ± 0.02c | 2.52 ± 0.01d | 2.50 ± 0.05d |
DW – Dry weight
Results are reported as mean value ± standard deviation
Means in the same row with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05)