. 2020 Feb 3;75(2):184–191. doi: 10.1007/s11130-020-00799-y

Table 2.

Alkaloids in bitter and debittered lupin seeds measured by GC- FID

		Individual alkaloids
Seeds	Ecotypes	Sparteine	Angustifoline	α- Isolupanine	Lupanine	Nutalline	Multiflorine	Oxylupanine	11,12- Dehydrolupanine
Bitter	E1	0.640 ± 0.008 ^f	0.005 ± 0.000 ^bc	0.015 ± 0.000 ^c	2.958 ± 0.008 ^b	0.452 ± 0.006 ^f	0.012 ± 0.000 ^e	0.177 ± 0.006 ^bc	0.083 ± 0.003 ^d
	E2	0.421 ± 0.005 ^d	0.004 ± 0.000 ^a,b	0.021 ± 0.000 ^d	4.307 ± 0.146 ^d	0.505 ± 0.008 ^g	0.003 ± 0.000 ^b	0.141 ± 0.011 ^ab	0.052 ± 0.000 ^b
	E3	0.592 ± 0.017 ^e	0.013 ± 0.000 ^g	0.012 ± 0.001 ^ab	4.262 ± 0.179 ^d	0.546 ± 0.015 ^h	0.008 ± 0.000 ^d	0.220 ± 0.014 ^cd	0.077 ± 0.003 ^cd
	E4	0.774 ± 0.029 ^g	0.003 ± 0.000 ^a	0.014 ± 0.000 ^bc	3.322 ± 0.014 ^c	0.375 ± 0.030 ^e	0.010 ± 0.000 ^d	0.099 ± 0.001 ^a	0.031 ± 0.000 ^a
	E5	0.890 ± 0.017 ^h	0.007 ± 0.000 ^e	0.010 ± 0.000 ^a	2.504 ± 0.044 ^a	0.281 ± 0.008 ^cd	0.006 ± 0.000 ^c	0.160 ± 0.008^b	0.047 ± 0.001 ^ab
	E6	0.274 ± 0.004 ^b	0.009 ± 0.000 ^f	0.027 ± 0.000 ^e	4.164 ± 0.026 ^d	0.314 ± 0.004 ^d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	0.263 ± 0.016 ^de	0.099 ± 0.003 ^e
	E7	0.423 ± 0.008 ^d	0.009 ± 0.000 ^f	0.019 ± 0.000 ^d	3.354 ± 0.061 ^c	0.262 ± 0.008 ^bc	0.003 ± 0.000 ^b	0.233 ± 0.013 ^cd	0.062 ± 0.002 ^bc
	E8	0.196 ± 0.002 ^a	0.009 ± 0.000 ^ef	0.027 ± 0.000 ^e	5.231 ± 0.045 ^f	0.145 ± 0.003 ^a	0.001 ± 0.001 ^a	0.294 ± 0.016 ^e	0.073 ± 0.003 ^cd
	E9	0.377 ± 0.003 ^c	0.009 ± 0.000 ^f	0.020 ± 0.000 ^d	4.771 ± 0.065 ^e	0.236 ± 0.010 ^b	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	0.266 ± 0.026 ^de	0.099 ± 0.001 ^e
	E10	0.367 ± 0.014 ^c	0.005 ± 0.000 ^d	0.016 ± 0.002 ^c	3.612 ± 0.261 ^c	0.275 ± 0.022 ^bcd	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	0.149 ± 0.047 ^ab	0.069 ± 0.016 ^cd
Debittered	E1	0.002 ± 0.000 ^e	n/d	n/d	0.003 ± 0.000 ^c	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E2	0.001 ± 0.000 ^bc	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E3	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E4	0.002 ± 0.000 ^d	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E5	0.001 ± 0.000 ^ab	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E6	0.001 ± 0.000 ^bc	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E7	0.001 ± 0.000 ^bc	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E8	0.001 ± 0.000 ^ab	n/d	n/d	0.002 ± 0.000 ^b	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E9	0.001 ± 0.000 ^c	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d
	E10	0.001 ± 0.000 ^ab	n/d	n/d	0.001 ± 0.000 ^a	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d

Data (g/100 g DM) is presented as mean ± SD and represents a mean of minimum of three independent measurements. Values of bitter and debittered seeds with unlike letters (a-h) and (a-e) within the same column differ significantly (p < 0.05) respectively. GC-FID, gas chromatography-flame ionization detection; E, ecotype (see Supplementary Material 1); n/d not detected