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. 2020 May 27;12:299–307. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S253757

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© 2020 Gao et al.

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Rest/activity recordings. The recording on the left panel was from a female subject of 81 years old with a high sleep fragmentation index k_RA (3.4%, the 90th percentile). This subject developed HF at the third follow-up visit. The recording on the right panel was from a similar female subject of 81 years old but with a low sleep fragmentation index k_RA (2.0%, the 10th percentile). This subject had also been followed for three years but had not developed HF. The time-axis is on a 24-hr scale starting at 9:00 AM and ending at 9:00 AM of the following day. Gray-shaded area highlights a common sleep period between 10:00 PM and 6:00 AM.