Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Subjects (N = 1099)
| Demographics and physical activity | |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 80.7 (7.4) |
| Female (%) | 76.2 |
| Education (years) | 15.1 (3.0) |
| Total daily activity (count, ×105) | 16.5 (9.7) |
| Lifestyle factors and co-morbidities | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.3 (5.3) |
| Alcohol, at least 1 drink per week (%) | 50.4 |
| Global cognition | 0.08 (0.6) |
| Depression symptoms | 1.0 (1.6) |
| Anxiety medication use (%) | 6.4 |
| Insomnia medication use (%) | 8.4 |
| Urinary conditions (%) | 40.6 |
| Thyroid disease (%) | 30.0 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors/diseases | |
| Smoking (%) | 40.5 |
| Hypertension (%) | 64.5 |
| Cholesterol medication use (%) | 38.5 |
| Diabetes (%) | 19.2 |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 14.1 |
| Claudication (%) | 8.9 |
Notes: Data expressed as a count, mean (SD) or percentage (%). Alcohol (1 or more drinks per week), depressive symptoms were assessed with a 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Urinary conditions (urinary incontinence/spasms, benign prostatic hypertrophy or diuretic use). Smoking (percentage who are current or ex-smokers). Participants were considered to have diabetes, hypertension, or thyroid disease if they were taking medications or endorsed a diagnosis on interview.