Figure 3.

Difference expression of exosomal PD-L1 and PD-1 in responders and non-responders. (A) Plot of circulating exosomal PD-L1 levels at baseline and fold-change after anti-PD-1 treatment in responders (N = 20) and non-responders (N = 24). (B) Plot of circulating exosomal PD-1 levels at baseline and fold-change after anti-PD-1 treatment in responders (N = 20) and non-responders (N = 24). The two-tailed Unpaired Student's t-test was used in statistical analysis where appropriate to evaluate the statistical significance (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). (C) Dynamic change between exosomal PD-L1, soluble PD-L1 and treatment response in two typical patients. With the response of anti-PD-1 treatment, the tumor burden and exosomal PD-L1 but not soluble PD-L1 decreased. When the progression of disease, the tumor burden and exosomal PD-L1 increased. (D) Dynamic change between exosomal PD-1, soluble PD-1 and treatment response in two typical patients. Exosomal PD-1 was increased after anti-PD-1 therapy in nearly all patients. With the decline of the tumor burden, exosomal PD-1 was decreased. The change of soluble PD-1 was irregular.