Table 1.
Characteristics of the training and validation cohorts.
| Characteristics | Training set (n = 84) | Validation set (n = 37) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIS/MIA (n = 25) | IA (n = 59) | P | AIS/MIA (n = 11) | IA (n = 26) | P | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 16 (64.00%) | 43 (72.88%) | 0.416 | 9 (81.82%) | 19 (73.08%) | 0.695 |
| Male | 9 (36.00%) | 16 (27.12%) | 2 (18.18%) | 7 (26.92%) | ||
| Age (year) | 52.44 ± 12.71 | 60.22 ± 10.24 | 0.004 | 52.73 ± 11.23 | 56.96 ± 10.63 | 0.283 |
| Location | 0.546 | 0.289 | ||||
| Right upper lobe | 13 (52.00%) | 22 (37.29%) | 7 (63.64%) | 9 (34.62%) | ||
| Right middle lobe | 1 (4.00%) | 6 (10.17%) | 0 (0.00%) | 4 (15.38%) | ||
| Right lower lobe | 3 (12.00%) | 7 (11.86%) | 3 (27.27%) | 4 (15.38%) | ||
| Left upper lobe | 6 (24.00%) | 12 (20.34%) | 1 (9.09%) | 6 (23.08%) | ||
| Left lower lobe | 2 (8.00%) | 12 (20.34%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (11.54%) | ||
| Spiculation | 0.001 | 0.014 | ||||
| Absent | 20 (80.00%) | 23 (38.98%) | 10 (90.91%) | 12 (46.15%) | ||
| Present | 5 (20.00%) | 36 (61.02%) | 1 (9.09%) | 14 (53.85%) | ||
| Lobulation | 0.003 | 0.719 | ||||
| Absent | 16 (64.00%) | 17 (28.81%) | 6 (54.55%) | 11 (42.31%) | ||
| Present | 9 (36.00%) | 42 (71.19%) | 5 (45.45%) | 15 (57.69%) | ||
| Pleural Indentation | 0.129 | 0.141 | ||||
| Absent | 18 (72.00%) | 32 (54.24%) | 9 (81.82%) | 13 (50.00%) | ||
| Present | 7 (28.00%) | 27 (45.76%) | 2 (18.18%) | 13 (50.00%) | ||
| Air Bronchogram | 0.651 | 0.015 | ||||
| Absent | 19 (76.00%) | 42 (71.19%) | 11 (100.00%) | 15 (57.69%) | ||
| Present | 6 (24.00%) | 17 (28.81%) | 0 (0.00%) | 11 (42.31%) | ||
| Vacuole | 0.923 | 0.083 | ||||
| Absent | 22 (88.00%) | 54 (91.53%) | 9 (81.82%) | 26 (100.00%) | ||
| Present | 3 (12.00%) | 5 (8.47%) | 2 (18.18%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||
| Vessel Convergence | 0.034 | 0.091 | ||||
| Absent | 9 (36.00%) | 9 (15.25%) | 5 (45.45%) | 4 (15.38%) | ||
| Present | 16 (64.00%) | 50 (84.75%) | 6 (54.55%) | 22 (84.62%) | ||
| Nodule Type | 0.309 | 0.699 | ||||
| Pure GGN | 10 (40.00%) | 11 (18.64%) | 4 (36.36%) | 7 (26.92%) | ||
| Part-solid GGN | 15 (60.00%) | 48 (81.36%) | 7 (63.64%) | 19 (73.08%) | ||
| Diameter | 11.72 ± 6.13 | 14.81 ± 5.86 | 0.032 | 9.36 ± 4.11 | 14.62 ± 4.88 | 0.004 |
AIS, adenocarcinoma in situ; MIA, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; IA, invasive adenocarcinoma; GGN, ground-glass nodule.