Table 3.
Total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant, and inhibition of cholinesterase and 5-hLOX for infusion and tincture of W. trichosperma and the main isolated compound, isoastilbin.
| Assay | Infusion of W. trichosperma | Tincture of W. trichosperma | Gallic acid | Isoastilbin | Galantamine/NDGA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPC | 442.1 ± 21.1a | 438.3 ± 22.2a | – | – | – |
| TFC | 15.54 ± 0.11b | 15.45 ± 0.11b | – | – | – |
| DPPH IC50 | 20.58 ± 2.46c | 20.33 ± 2.18c | 0.4622 ± 0.0015k | 33.1 ± 2.1d | – |
| ABTS IC50 | 3.070 ± 0.095c | 3.055 ± 0.082c | 0.0985 ± 0.0003k | 2.525 ± 0.261d | – |
| FRAP | 2.700 ± 0.554e | 2.650 ± 0.532e | – | 0.149 ± 0.016f | – |
| ORAC | 1270 ± 36.5g | 1248 ± 32.3g | – | 1901± 33.5g | – |
| Acetylcholinesterase inhibition IC50 | 3.13 ± 0.03h
(33.80% at 1 µg ml−1) |
3.08 ± 0.02h
(33.50% at 1 µg ml−1) |
– | 4.68 ± 0.03h (51.70% at 2.2 µM) | 0.26 ± 0.02h (69.42% at 3.48 µM) |
| Butirylcholinesterase inhibition IC50 | 2.94 ± 0.08h
(33.12% at 1 µg ml−1) |
2.76 ± 0.08h
(33.12% at 1 µg ml−1) |
– | 8.51 ± 0.03h (50.10% at 2.2 µM) | 3.82 ± 0.02h |
|
5-hLOX inhibition
(%) |
82.86 ± 4.31 (at 0.05 µg ml−1)i |
– | – | 34.29 ± 3.11 (at 10 µM)i
80.71 ± 7.29 (at 40 µM)i |
93.50 ± 4.2 (at 10 µM)i |
All values were expressed as means ± SD (n = 3).
aexpressed in mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry plant. bexpressed in mg of quercetin equivalents per gram of dry plant.cexpressed in μg of extract per ml. dexpressed in μg of isoastilbin per milliliter. eexpressed in mmol Trolox equivalent per gram of dry plant. fexpressed in mmol trolox equivalent per mg of isoastilbin. kexpressed in μg of gallic acid per ml. gexpressed in µM Trolox equivalents per 100 grams of dry plant. hIC50 in µg per ml. iConcentration Stock Solution equal to 1.52 mg per ml−1.