Table 3. Clinical Outcomes in a Study of the Effect of C-Reactive Protein (CRP)–Guided, 7-Day, or 14-Day Antibiotic Treatment Duration on Clinical Failure in Patients With Gram-Negative Bacteremia.
| Outcome | Antibiotic therapy duration group, No. (%) | CRP-guided vs 14 d | 7 d vs 14 d | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRP-guided (n = 169) | 7 d (n = 169) | 14 d (n = 165) | Difference, % (1-sided 97.5% CI) | P valuea | Difference, % (1-sided 97.5% CI) | P valuea | ||||
| Primary outcome | ||||||||||
| Clinical response through day 30 | −3.1 (−∞ to 1.1) | <.001 | 1.1 (−∞ to 6.3) | <.001 | ||||||
| Clinical success | 160 (97.6) | 155 (93.4) | 154 (94.5) | |||||||
| Clinical failure | 4 (2.4) | 11 (6.6) | 9 (5.5) | |||||||
| Recurrent bacteremia | 0 | 1 (9)a | 2 (22) | |||||||
| Suppurative local complication | 0 | 2 (18)b | 1 (11) | |||||||
| Distal complication | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Targeted therapy restart | 2 (50) | 3 (27) | 2 (22) | |||||||
| 30-d all-cause mortalityc | 2 (50) | 6 (55) | 4 (44) | |||||||
| Missingd | 5 (2.9) | 3 (1.8) | 2 (1.2) | |||||||
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||||||
| Clinical response through day 60 | −1.8 (−∞ to 3.7) | <.001 | 2.6 (−∞ to 8.9) | .010 | ||||||
| Clinical success | 146 (94.2) | 141 (89.8) | 146 (92.4) | |||||||
| Clinical failure | 9 (5.8) | 16 (10.2) | 12 (7.6) | |||||||
| Recurrent bacteremia | 0 | 1 (6)b | 2 (17) | |||||||
| Suppurative local complication | 0 | 1 (6)b | 1 (8) | |||||||
| Distal complication | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Targeted therapy restart | 7 (78) | 9 (56) | 5 (42) | |||||||
| 30-d all-cause mortalityc | 2 (22) | 6 (38) | 4 (33) | |||||||
| Missingd | 9 (5.3) | 7 (4.1) | 3 (1.8) | |||||||
| Death after day 30 | 5 (3.0) | 5 (3.0) | 4 (2.4) | |||||||
| Clinical response through day 90 | −3.5 (−∞ to 2.9) | <.001 | 0.1 (−∞ to 7.0) | .002 | ||||||
| Clinical success | 133 (93.0) | 135 (89.4) | 137 (89.5) | |||||||
| Clinical failure | 10 (7.0) | 16 (10.6) | 16 (10.5) | |||||||
| Recurrent bacteremia | 0 | 1 (6)b | 2 (13) | |||||||
| Suppurative local complication | 0 | 1 (6)b | 1 (6) | |||||||
| Distal complication | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Targeted therapy restart | 8 (80) | 9 (56) | 9 (56) | |||||||
| 30-d all-cause mortalityc | 2 (20) | 6 (38) | 4 (25) | |||||||
| Missingd | 15 (8.9) | 10 (5.9) | 7 (4.2) | |||||||
| Death after day 30 | 11 (6.5) | 8 (4.7) | 5 (3.0) | |||||||
a
P value for noninferiority (see eAppendix 6 in Supplement 3 for calculation).
b
One patient had both recurrent bacteremia and a suppurative local complication by day 30.
c
Through day 30.
d
The CRP-guided group had more missing data throughout because of early withdrawals (n = 5). (Missing data are cumulative over the 3 measured time points.)