Table 2.

Differences in cortical thickness

Cortical region	L/R	MNI coordinates			Cluster size (mm2)	Number of vertices	Clusterwise p‐value (CWP)	Post hoc group comparisons
		X	Y	Z
ADHD‐only versus ADHD+ODD/CD versus TD
Rostral middle frontal	R	36	39	10	283	534	.41
	R	44	23	29	205	353	.67
	R	44	35	26	63	103	1
Caudal middle frontal	R	41	0	34	137	240	.9
Parahippocampal	R	46	17	−39	46	153	1
Supramarginal	L	−43	−42	39	49	136	1
ADHD‐only versus TD
Parahippocampal	R	17	−39	−3	80	250	.98	ADHD‐only>TD
Supramarginal	L	−43	−42	39	117	315	.93	ADHD‐only>TD
ADHD+ODD/CD versus TD
Rostral middle frontal*	R	44	23	30	871	1,525	<.001	ADHD+ODD/CD≥TD
	R	36	42	24	101	151	.96	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
Precentral	R	42	0	34	158	271	.84	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
Precuneus	R	10	−59	43	107	270	.95	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
Superior parietal	R	31	−71	19	56	141	1	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
Superior frontal	R	10	−3	67	38	77	1	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
	L	−12	−5	65	81	190	.98	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
	L	−19	10	61	28	44	1	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
Inferior parietal	L	−34	−61	39	51	112	1	ADHD+ODD/CD>TD
ADHD‐only versus ADHD+ODD/CD
Rostral middle frontal*	R	37	40	10	669	1,180	.01812	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Caudal middle frontal	R	40	0	34	150	267	.86	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Insula	R	37	−18	−7	82	235	.98	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Frontal pole	R	11	58	−14	107	133	.95	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Medial orbito frontal	R	10	33	−11	39	93	1	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Inferior parietal	R	34	41	−66	34	60	1	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Medial orbito frontal	L	−12	41	−9	85	169	.98	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD
Isthmus cingulate	L	−7	−46	10	38	110	1	ADHD‐only<ADHD+ODD/CD

Note: Smoothing kernel = 15 mm FWHM, cluster‐forming threshold p < .005, Monte Carlo Z simulation with 10,000 iterations; *and underlined = CWP < .05, CWP = clusterwise p‐value. ADHD‐only, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder group; ADHD+ODD/CD, comorbid attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder/oppositional defiant disorder group; TD, typically developing group.