Table 2. Summary of the BMI categorization results.
| Study | Continent | n | Prevalence (%) [95% CI] | ||
| Accurate classification | Underestimation | Overestimation | |||
| Harris (2016) | America | 118 | 16.1 [9; 23] | 83.9 [77; 91] | 0 |
| Kirk (2008)*2 | Australia*1 | 102 | 26.5 [18; 35] | – | – |
| Baur (2012) | America | 768 | 32.0 [29; 35] | 68.0 [65; 71] | 0 |
| Phetla (2017) | Africa | 210 | 33.3 [27; 40] | 60.5 [56; 65] | 6.2 [4; 9] |
| Duncan (2014) | Africa | 466 | 34.1 [30; 38] | 63.3 [60; 66] | 2.6 [2; 4] |
| Irani (2007) | America | 356 | 34.4 [29; 39] | 56.8 [53; 60] | 8.8 [7; 11] |
| Moore (2010) | America | 323 | 35.6 [30; 41] | 61.6 [58; 62] | 2.8 [2; 4] |
| Akgoz (2017) | Asia | 300 | 36.3 [31; 42] | 57 [51; 63] | 6.7 [4; 10] |
| Faber (2005) | Africa | 187 | 36.9 [30; 44] | 63.1 [56; 70] | 0 |
| Colchero (2014) | America | 32 052 | 38.0 [38; 39] | 57.8 [57; 58] | 4.2 [4.0; 4.3] |
| Mogre (2014) | Africa | 200 | 42 (35; 49] | 45 [40; 50] | 13 [10; 16] |
| Minsky (2013) | America | 586 | 42.8 [39; 47] | 51.2 [48; 54] | 6.0 [5; 7] |
| Loret de Mola (2012) | America | 983 | 43 [40; 46] | 53.8 [52; 56] | 3.2 [2; 4] |
| Gao (2017) | Asia | 10 177 | 43.4 [42; 44] | 53.8 [53; 54] | 2.8 [2.6; 3.0] |
| Muhihi (2012) | Africa | 209 | 46.4 [40; 53] | 49.3 [43; 56] | 4.3 [2; 6] |
| Akindele (2017) | Africa | 567 | 46.4 [43; 51] | 53.6 [32; 76] | 0 |
| Ver Ploeg (2008) | America | 623 | 49.4 [48; 51] | 45.0 [44; 46] | 5.6 [5; 6] |
| Mueller (2014)*2 | America | 507 | 49.5 [45; 54] | – | – |
| Monteagudo (2015) | Europe | 1282 | 50.3 [48; 53] | 48 [46; 50] | 1.7 [1.2; 2.2] |
| Barzuca (2013)*2 | Europe | 110 | 55.5 [46; 65] | – | – |
| Howard (2008) | Australia*1 | 2382 | 55.5 [54; 57] | 36.9 [35; 38] | 7.6 [6.9; 8.4] |
| DeVille-Almond (2011) | Europe | 263 | 55.9 [50; 62] | 40.3 [34; 46] | 3.8 [1; 6] |
| Akinpelu (2015) | Africa | 567 | 56.8 [50; 64] | 35 [30; 40] | 8.2 [5; 11] |
| Jauregui (2016) | Europe | 71 | 57.8 [46; 69] | 8.5 [3; 14] | 33.8 [26; 42] |
| Kim (2018) | Asia | 16 559 | 59.9 [59; 61] | 23.5 [23; 24] | 16.8 [16.4; 17.2] |
| Wang (2017) | America | 623 | 59.9 [56; 64] | 24.2 [12; 36] | 15.9 [14; 18] |
| Sinhababu (2007)*2 | Asia | 176 | 61.4 [53; 68] | – | – |
| Barichella (2011)*2 | Europe | 914 | 61.5 [58; 65] | – | – |
| Drumond (2012) | America | 3622 | 63.1 [62; 64] | 31.6 [31; 33] | 5.3 [4.7; 5.8] |
| Shin (2015) | Asia | 33 704 | 63.8 [63; 64] | 19.6 [19; 20] | 16.6 [16.3; 16.9] |
| Peltzer (2012) | Africa | 289 | 65.1 [59; 71] | 20.4 [17; 14] | 14.5 [12; 17] |
| Jeffs (2016) | Australia*1 | 638 | 66.5 [63; 70] | 31.0 [27; 35] | 2.5 [1; 4] |
| El-Kassas (2016)*2 | Asia | 369 | 66.9 [62; 72] | – | – |
| Caleyachetty (2016)*2 | Africa | 5736 | 67.2 [66; 68] | – | – |
| Prinsloo (2011) | Africa | 301 | 68.4 [63; 74] | 23.6 [19; 28] | 8.0 [5; 11] |
| Veggi (2004) | America | 3498 | 68.6 [67; 70] | 16.0 [15; 17] | 15.4 [14.8; 16.1] |
| Murillo (2016) | America | 7992 | 70.1 [69; 71] | – | – |
| Dorosty (2014) | Asia | 542 | 70.1 [66; 74] | 7.8 [5; 10] | 22.1 [20; 25] |
| Herbert (2017) | Australia*1 | 7947 | 70.7 [70; 72] | 25.5 [25; 26] | 3.8 [3.5; 4.1] |
| Van Minnen (2011) | Australia*1 | 1272 | 72.2 [70; 75] | 25.7 [24; 27] | 2.1 [1.6; 2.7] |
| Blokstra (1998) | Europe | 4601 | 74.1 [73; 75] | 16.1 [15; 17] | 9.8 [9.6; 10.0] |
| Rouiller (2016) | Europe | 4786 | 74.2 [73; 75] | 19.1 [18; 20] | 6.8 [6.3; 7.3] |
| Johnston (2014) | Europe | 9089 | 75 [74; 76] | 25 [24; 26] | 0 |
| Griger (2015) | Europe | 6886 | 75.8 [75; 77] | 12.9 [12; 13] | 11.3 [10.7; 11.8] |
| Mogre (2015) | Africa | 368 | 79.4 [75; 83] | 16.3 [14; 19] | 4.3 [3; 6] |
| Rahman (2010) | America | 2224 | 80.4 [79; 82] | 12 [11; 13] | 7.6 [7; 9] |
| Maruf (2012) | Africa | 120 | 80.8 [74; 88] | 16.7 [12; 21] | 2.5 [1; 4] |
| Agrawal (2014) | Asia | 322 | 82.6 [78; 87] | 11.8 [8; 15] | 5.6 [3; 8] |
| Strassnig (2005) | America | 143 | 83.2 [77; 89] | 14 [10; 18] | 2.8 [2.2; 3.4] |
| Hendley (2011) | America | 429 | – | 48.8 [15; 82] | – |
*1 Australia and Polynesia
*2 no differentiated information about over- and underestimation provided
CI, confidence interval; n, number of participants