Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics and follow-up outcomes of 42 patients (43 limbs)
| No. | Age/sex | Side | Infected by | Cigarette/alcohol abuse | Systemic disease | Positive inflammatory markers | C-M classification | Organisms | Flap | External fixation | Hospital stay (days) | Follow-up (months) | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 46/F | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | - | 6 | 35.9 | Remission, slight pain |
| 2 | 44/M | L | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 9 | 34.3 | Remission |
| 3 | 24/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | IIIA | - | - | - | 7 | 32.7 | Remission |
| 4 | 63/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 8 | 33.1 | Remission |
| 5 | 40/F | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | IIIA | - | - | - | 9 | 32.9 | Remission, joint stiffness |
| 6 | 32/F | L | Trauma | - | - | - | IIIA | - | - | - | 10 | 30.9 | Remission |
| 7 | 45/M | L | Trauma | - | - | - | IIIA | S. aureus | - | Yes | 13 | 26.4 | Remission |
| 8 | 58/M | L | Hematogenous | Cigarette | - | WBC, ESR | III BS | S. aureus | - | - | 13 | 24.9 | Remission |
| 9 | 25/F | L | Hematogenous | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | - | 15 | 36.4 | Remission, fibrous scar formation |
| 10 | 40/F | R | Hematogenous | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | 11 | 32.7 | Remission | |
| 11 | 43/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | IIIA | - | - | - | 10 | 40.9 | Redebridment and bone transport |
| 12 | 31/F | R | Hematogenous | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 17 | 24.1 | Remission, skin traction to cover wound |
| 13 | 60/F | L | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 15 | 38.2 | Remission |
| 14 | 61/M | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | P. Aeruginosa, E. faecalis | Yes | Yes | 37 | 89.9 | Redebridment and bone transport |
| 15 | 16/F | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 10 | 70.8 | Remission |
| 16 | 74/F | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III BS | S. aureus | - | Yes | 20 | 75.8 | Remission |
| 17 | 24/F | R | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III BS | - | - | Yes | 32 | 73.2 | Redebridment and bone transport |
| 18 | 53/M | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | A. baumannii | - | Yes | 46 | 77.5 | Remission |
| 19 | 26/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 8 | 67.2 | Remission |
| 20 | 57/F | R | Trauma | - | Hypertension | - | III A | K. pneunoniae | - | - | 12 | 49.9 | Remission |
| 21 | 46/M | R | Hematogenous | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | - | 11 | 48.5 | Remission |
| 22 | 59/F | L | Penetration | - | Hypertension | ESR | IIIBL | E. cloacae | - | - | 8 | 19.6 | Redebridment and flap coverage |
| 23 | 23/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 7 | 68.5 | Remission |
| 24 | 25/M | L | Hematogenous | - | - | - | III A | E. faecalis | - | - | 13 | 59.6 | Remission |
| 25 | 46/M | L | Trauma | - | Diabetes | ESR | III BS | P. aeruginosa | - | Yes | 29 | 52.7 | Remission |
| 26 | 44/M | L | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | - | - | Yes | 33 | 47.6 | Redebridment and bone transport |
| 27 | 42 M | L | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 9 | 37.3 | Remission |
| 28 | 30/M | R | Trauma | Cigarette | - | - | III BS | - | - | Yes | 12 | 46.4 | Remission |
| 29 | 54/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. haemolyticus | - | Yes | 17 | 43.4 | Remission |
| 30 | 39/F | R | Hematogenous | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 7 | 39.3 | Remission |
| 31 | 40/F | L | Hematogenous | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 11 | 28 | Remission |
| 32 | 26/M | L | Hematogenous | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | Yes | 16 | 42.1 | Remission |
| 33 | 63/F | L | Hematogenous | - | - | ESR | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 23 | 70.7 | Remission, slight pain |
| 34 | 39/F | L | Penetration | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | - | 8 | 53.6 | Remission, slight pain |
| 35 | 64/M | R | Penetration | - | - | ESR | IIIBS | E. coli | Yes | - | 14 | 72.5 | Remission, Powerlessness |
| 36 | 30/M | R | Trauma | - | - | - | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 11 | 44.8 | Remission, discomfort |
| 37 | 48/M | R | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | S. aureus | - | - | 24 | 50.9 | Remission |
| 38 | 41/F | R | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | Yes | 32 | 12.8 | Remission, claudication, discomfort |
| 39 | 64/M | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | A. hydrophila | - | Yes | 22 | 12.9 | Remission |
| 40 | 61/M | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | - | 18 | 14.2 | Remission |
| 41 | 43/F | L | Hematogenous | - | - | - | III A | - | - | - | 16 | 15.6 | Remission, slight pain |
| 42 | 27/F | R | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | P. aeruginosa | - | - | 22 | 16.3 | Remission, Slight Discomfort |
| 43 | 64/F | L | Trauma | - | - | ESR | III A | - | - | Yes | 22 | 17.5 | Remission |
Abbreviations: M Male, F Female, L Left, R Right, WBC white blood cell, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CM calcium sulfate; S. aureus, Staphylococcus aureus; S. haemolyticus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus; P. aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; K. pneunoniae, Klebsiella pneunoniae; E. faecalis, Enterococcus faecalis; E. coli, Escherichia coli; A. hydrophila, Aeromonas hydrophila, E. cloacae, Enterobacter cloacae; S. marcescens, Serratia marcescens