Table 1.

General characteristics of preclinical studies investigating the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in models of sepsis

Author year Country	Species, Strain, Gender	No. of treated animals	No. of controls	Sepsis model	MSC source, Compatibility	MSC Dose	Time of delivery post-sepsis induction	MSC route	Control
Gonzalez-Rey et al. (2009)A Spain [10]	Mouse BALB/c, NR	18	10	CLP	Adipose, Xenogenic or Allogeneic	1.0×106	4 hours	IP	DMEM
Gonzalez-Rey et al. (2009)B Spain	Mouse BALB/c, NR	20	10	LPS (i.p.)	Adipose, Xenogenic or Allogeneic	1.0 × 106 or 3.0 × 105	0.5 hours	IP	DMEM
Nemeth et al. (2009) United States [11]	Mouse C57BL/6, M	90	45	CLP	Bone marrow, Allogeneic	1.0×106	0 or 1 hour	IV	PBS
Bi et al. (2010) China [12]	Mouse C57BL/6, NR	10	10	CLP	Bone marrow, Xenogenic	1.0×106	1 1 hours	IV	PBS
Mei et al. (2010)A Canada [13]	Mouse C57BL/6J, F	29	29	CLP	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	2.5×105	6 hours	IV	NS
Mei et al. (2010)B Canada	Mouse C57BL/6J, F	15	20	CLP	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	2.5×105	6 hours	IV	NS
Liang et al. (2011) China [14]	Rat Wistar, F	15	15	LPS (i.v.)	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	1.0×106	2 hours	IV	NS
Chang et al. (2012) China [15]	Rat SPD, M	16	16	CLP	Adipose, Autologous	3× 1.2×106	0.5, 6 then 18	IP	NS
Krasnodembskaya et al. (2012) USA [16]	Mouse C57BL/6J, M	34	69	P. aeruginosa (i.p.)	Bone marrow, Xenogenic	1.0×106	1 hour	IV	PBS
Li et al. (2012) China [17]	Rat SPD, M	20	40	LPS (i.p.)	Umbilical cord, Xenogenic	5.0×105	1 hour	IV	NS
Hall et al. (2013) USA [18]	Mouse BALB/c, M	26	35	CLP	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	1× 5.0 ×105 + 2 ×2.5× 105	2 then 24 then 48 hours	IV	PBS
Zhao et al. (2013) China [19]	Rat SPD, F	24	27	LPS (i.v.)	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	2.5×106	2 hours	IV	NS
Chao et al. (2014) Taiwan [20]	Rat Wistar, M	20	10	CLP	Bone Marrow or Umbilical Cord, Xenogenic	5.0×106	4 hours	IV	PBS
Kim et al. (2014) Canada [21]	Mouse C57BL/6, M	73	66	SEB+ (i.p)	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	2.5×105	3 hours	IV	PBS
Luo et al. (2014) China [22]	Mouse C57Bl/6, M	20	20	CLP	Bone marrow, Syngeneic	1.0×106	3 hours	IV	NS
Pedrazza et al. (2014) Brazil [23]	Mouse C57BL/6, M	15	15	E. coli (i.p.)	Adipose, Syngeneic	1.0×106	0	IV	PBS
Sepulveda et al. (2014) Spain [24]	Mouse BALB/c, M	30	10	LPS (i.p.)	Bone Marrow, Xenogenic	1.0×106	0.5 hour	IP	PBS
Zhao et al. (2014) China [25]	Mouse C57BL/6, M	12	12	CLP	Umbilical cord, Xenogenic	1.0×106	1 hour	IV	NS
Zhou et al. (2014) China [26]	Mouse NOD SCID, M	7	7	LPS+ (i.p.)	Umbilical Cord, Xenogenic	2.0×106	6 hours	IV	No treatment
Yang et al. (2015) China [28]	Mouse NOD SCID, M	10	10	LPS+ (i.p.)	Umbilical cord, Xenogenic	5.0×105	0	IV	DMEM
Francisca et al.(2015) Chile [27]	Mouse C57BL6/j, NR	21	16	CLP	menstrual fluid, Xenogenic	7.5 × 105	3 hours	IV/IP	NS
Hao Ou et al.(2015)A China [29]	Mouse SPF BALB/c, NR	7	14	LPS	Adipose, Allogeneic	1.0 × 107	5 mins	IV	NS
Hao Ou et al.(2015)B China	Mouse SPF BALB/c, NR	9	14	LPS	Bone marrow, Allogeneic	1.0 × 107	5 mins	IV	NS
Pei-Hsun Sung et al.(2017) Taiwan, China [30]	Rats SPD, M	16	16	CLP	Adipose, Autologous	1.2×106	3 hours	IV	NS
Xujing Liang et al.(2019) China [33]	Rats SPD, M	10	10	CLP	Umbilical cord, Xenogenic	2.5×106	0	IV	PBS
Xian-Fei Ding et al.(2019) China [31]	Rats SPD, M	30	30	CLP	Adipose, Allogeneic	1.0×106	1 hour	IP	NS
Mirjana Jerkic et al.(2019)A Canada [32]	Rats SPD, M	12	15	E. coli	Umbilical cord, Xenogenic	1.0× 107	1 hour	IV	PBS
Mirjana Jerkic et al.(2019)B Canada	Rats SPD, M	11	15	E. coli	IL-10 UC-MSCs, Xenogenic	1.0 × 107	1 hour	IV	PBS
Huoyan Liang et al.(2019) China [41]	Rats SPD, M	20	20	CLP	Adipose, Allogeneic	1.0×106	1 hour	IP	NS

CLP Cecal ligation and puncture, DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, i.p. Intraperitoneal, i.v. Intravenous, LPS Lipopolysaccharide, NR Not reported, NS Normal saline, PBS Phosphate buffered saline, SEB Staphylococcal enterotoxin B, SPD Sprague Dawley, M Male, F Female, E. coli Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa