Table 2.
Design of registered trials
| Number | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|
| Trial phase | ||
| Pilot study | 77 | 35.0 |
| Phase 1 | 2 | 0.9 |
| Phase 1/phase 2 | 3 | 1.4 |
| Phase 2 | 5 | 2.3 |
| Phase 2/phase 3 | 6 | 2.7 |
| Phase 3 | 6 | 2.7 |
| Phase 4 | 42 | 19.1 |
| NP | 79 | 35.9 |
| Number of arms | ||
| 0 | 2 | 0.9 |
| 1 | 49 | 22.3 |
| 2 | 107 | 48.6 |
| 3 | 25 | 11.4 |
| 4 | 10 | 4.4 |
| 5 | 5 | 2.3 |
| 6 | 1 | 0.5 |
| 8 | 1 | 0.5 |
| NP | 20 | 9.1 |
| Study design type | ||
| Parallel design | 151 | 68.6 |
| Factorial design | 17 | 7.7 |
| NP | 52 | 23.6 |
| Randomization | ||
| Randomized | 122 | 55.5 |
| Computer software | 68 | 55.7 |
| Phone/WeChat | 1 | 0.8 |
| NP | 53 | 43.4 |
| Non-randomized | 73 | 33.2 |
| NP | 25 | 11.4 |
| Masking (blinding) | ||
| Blinding | 23 | 10.5 |
| Participant | 5 | 21.7 |
| Investigator | 1 | 4.3 |
| Investigator, outcomes assessor | 1 | 4.3 |
| Participant, care provider, outcomes assessor | 1 | 4.3 |
| Participant, care-provider, investigator, outcomes assessor | 4 | 17.4 |
| NP | 11 | 47.8 |
| Non-blinding | 67 | 30.5 |
| NP | 130 | 59.0 |
| Total sample size | ||
| 0–100 | 112 | 50.9 |
| 101–200 | 44 | 20.0 |
| 201–300 | 17 | 7.8 |
| > 300 | 47 | 21.3 |
| Severity of illness | ||
| Mild | 2 | 0.9 |
| Mild/common | 14 | 6.4 |
| Mild/severe | 2 | 0.9 |
| Mild/common/severe | 8 | 3.6 |
| Mild/common/critical | 1 | 0.5 |
| Common | 27 | 12.3 |
| Common/severe | 6 | 2.7 |
| Common/severe/critical | 3 | 1.4 |
| Severe | 24 | 10.9 |
| Severe/critical | 7 | 3.2 |
| Critical | 6 | 2.7 |
| NP | 120 | 54.5 |
| The number of major outcome | ||
| One | 104 | 47.2 |
| Two | 37 | 16.8 |
| Three | 31 | 14.1 |
| More than three | 47 | 21.4 |
| NP | 1 | 0.5 |
| Control intervention type | ||
| Positive drug | 14 | 6.4 |
| Positive drug and conventional therapy | 3 | 1.4 |
| TCM | 3 | 1.4 |
| TCM and positive drug | 1 | 0.5 |
| Placebo | 19 | 8.6 |
| No treatment | 6 | 2.7 |
| Conventional therapy | 89 | 40.5 |
| NP | 85 | 38.6 |
| Intervention type of experimental group | ||
| Antiviral drug | 37 | 16.8 |
| Biologicals | 22 | 10.0 |
| Hormone drug | 7 | 3.2 |
| Compound Chinese herbal medicine | 24 | 10.9 |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine injection | 5 | 2.3 |
| TCM and conventional western medicine | 26 | 11.8 |
| TCM and antiviral drug | 1 | 0.5 |
| Biologicals and conventional treatment | 10 | 4.5 |
| Antiviral drug and hormone drug | 2 | 0.9 |
| Antiviral drug and biologicals | 3 | 1.4 |
| Antiviral drug and conventional treatment | 3 | 1.4 |
| Antiviral drug and biologicals and hormone drug | 1 | 0.5 |
| Antiallergic and conventional treatment | 1 | 0.5 |
| Anti-inflammatory drug | 2 | 0.9 |
| Vitamin C | 2 | 0.9 |
| Sedative | 2 | 0.9 |
| Drug to regulate intestinal flora and conventional treatment | 1 | 0.5 |
| Daoyin + conventional treatment | 1 | 0.5 |
| Acupoint stimulation and qigong and conventional treatment | 1 | 0.5 |
| TCM and moxibustion | 1 | 0.5 |
| NP | 68 | 30.9 |
NP not provided, TCM Traditional Chinese Medicine