Table 3.
Risks of Adverse Outcomes of Pregnant Women
| Outcomes | Maternal age (years) | 25–34 years old | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95%CI) | aRR (95%CI) | ||
| Cesarean delivery | 10–17 | 0.54 (0.46–0.63)*** | 0.61 (0.52–0.71)*** |
| 18–19 | 0.60 (0.56–0.65)*** | 0.70 (0.65–0.76)*** | |
| 20–24 | 0.76 (0.75–0.78)*** | 0.87 (0.85–0.89)*** | |
| Anemia | 10–17 | 0.85 (0.71–1.02) | 1.01 (0.84–1.23) |
| 18–19 | 0.90 (0.83–0.98)* | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | |
| 20–24 | 0.86 (0.84–0.88)*** | 0.95 (0.93–0.97)*** | |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 10–17 | 0.60 (0.37–0.97)* | 0.87 (0.54–1.44) |
| 18–19 | 0.26 (0.18–0.36)*** | 0.39 (0.28–0.56)*** | |
| 20–24 | 0.47 (0.44–0.50)*** | 0.60 (0.56–0.64)*** | |
| Pre-eclampsia | 10–17 | 0.98 (0.60–1.61) | 0.85 (0.51–1.40) |
| 18–19 | 1.12 (0.90–1.41) | 1.09 (0.87–1.38) | |
| 20–24 | 1.08 (1.02–1.15)* | 1.11 (1.03–1.18)** | |
| HELLP syndrome | 10–17 | – | – |
| 18–19 | 2.11 (0.87–5.15) | 2.91 (1.14–7.40)* | |
| 20–24 | 0.59 (0.39–0.90)* | 0.84 (0.54–1.32) | |
| Placenta previa | 10–17 | 0.96 (0.31–2.98) | 2.01 (0.64–6.38) |
| 18–19 | 0.29 (0.11–0.78)* | 0.73 (0.27–1.97) | |
| 20–24 | 0.41 (0.33–0.50)*** | 0.71 (0.57–0.90)** | |
| Placental abruption | 10–17 | 1.66 (0.53–5.17) | 1.76 (0.55–5.60) |
| 18–19 | 1.02 (0.51–2.05) | 1.30 (0.64–2.66) | |
| 20–24 | 0.92 (0.76–1.12) | 1.15 (0.93–1.42) | |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 10–17 | 0.47 (0.07–3.31) | 0.55 (0.08–3.96) |
| 18–19 | 1.08 (0.58–2.01) | 1.49 (0.79–2.83) | |
| 20–24 | 0.81 (0.67–0.98)* | 1.03 (0.84–1.26) | |
| Maternal death | 10–17 | – | – |
| 18–19 | 20.25 (2.11–194.74)** | 11.02 (0.72–169.77) | |
| 20–24 | 4.53 (1.02–20.26)* | 5.01 (0.91–27.40) | |
| Preterm delivery | 10–17 | 2.08 (1.62–2.66)*** | 2.57 (1.98–3.34)*** |
| 18–19 | 1.33 (1.15–1.53)*** | 1.77 (1.51–2.06)*** | |
| 20–24 | 0.98 (0.94–1.03) | 1.26 (1.20–1.32)*** | |
| Small for gestational age | 10–17 | 1.22 (0.98–1.52) | 1.11 (0.89–1.39) |
| 18–19 | 1.30 (1.17–1.44)*** | 1.20 (1.08–1.33)*** | |
| 20–24 | 1.06 (1.03–1.09)*** | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | |
| Low Apgar at 5 min | 10–17 | 2.82 (1.05–7.58)* | 2.87 (1.05–7.87)* |
| 18–19 | 1.26 (0.63–2.54) | 1.39 (0.68–2.83) | |
| 20–24 | 1.19 (0.98–1.45) | 1.31 (1.06–1.62)* | |
| Stillbirth | 10–17 | 8.17 (5.08–13.14)*** | 5.69 (3.36–9.65)*** |
| 18–19 | 2.37 (1.56–3.59)*** | 2.33 (1.50–3.60)*** | |
| 20–24 | 1.27 (1.09–1.48)*** | 1.45 (1.23–1.72)*** | |
| Neonatal death | 10–17 | 7.39 (3.79–14.38)*** | 7.57 (3.74–15.33)*** |
| 18–19 | 1.66 (0.85–3.21) | 2.03 (1.03–4.00)* | |
| 20–24 | 1.24 (1.01–1.53)* | 1.51 (1.21–1.90)*** | |
The pregnant women aged 25–34 years as the reference group. Adjusted by maternal education, marital status, delivery place, history of miscarriage, parity, previous cesarean delivery. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001