Table 1.
Participant Characteristics.
| Variable | Lean | Overweight | Obese |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants (males) | 10 (5) | 10 (5) | 10 (5) |
| Age (years) | 24 ± 1 | 26 ± 2 | 27 ± 3 |
| Height (m) | 1.73 ± 0.03 | 1.70 ± 0.02 | 1.71 ± 0.03 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.5 ± 3.5 | 78.6 ± 2.2 | 106.0 ± 5.0*Ψ |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7 ± 0.4 | 27.1 ± 0.5 | 35.9 ± 1.3 |
| Waist: Hip | 0.79 ± 0.02 | 0.83 ± 0.02 | 0.92 ± 0.01*Ψ |
| Body Fat (%) | 22.2 ± 1.8 | 29.1 ± 1.4* | 35.3 ± 1.8*Ψ |
| Lean Body Mass (kg) | 51.3 ± 3.7 | 53.8 ± 1.3 | 65.5 ± 3.2*Ψ |
| Fasting Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.33 ± 0.12 | 4.35 ± 0.07 | 4.55 ± 0.12 |
| 120min Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.36 ± 0.34 | 4.47 ± 0.23 | 5.51 ± 0.43*Ψ |
| Fasting Insulin (pmol/L) | 49.31 ± 6.25 | 45.14 ± 3.47 | 175.01 ± 26.39*Ψ |
| HOMAIR | 1.36 ± 0.17 | 1.25 ± 0.11 | 5.82 ± 0.81*Ψ |
Glucose values were obtained from the oral-glucose-tolerance test. Demographic, body-composition, and HOMAIR data were analysed by 1-factor ANOVA. Fasting glucose and 120-min glucose data were analysed by using 2-factor repeated- measures ANOVA. A Tukey’s post hoc test was used to locate differences between group means when indicated by significant group effects or group - time interactions.
*
P < 0.05 vs Lean group;
Ψ
P < 0.05 vs OW group. Glucose: group effect, P = 0.59; time effect, P < 0.001; group x time, P < 0.001; OB, obese; OW, overweight. Values are means ± standard error of the mean.