Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Characteristic | Total (baseline) | Male | Female | Total (time average) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 201 | 122 | 79 | — | — | — |
| Age (year) | 48.32 ± 14.16 | 47.84 ± 14.27 | 49.99 ± 13.84 | — | — | — |
| Dialysis duration (month) | — | — | — | 23.43 ± 16.60 | 21.46 ± 18.01 | 24.91 ± 15.54 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.21 ± 4.27 | 22.26 ± 3.88 | 22.19 ± 4.47 | 22.39 ± 4.12 | 22.36 ± 3.82 | 22.42 ± 4.45 |
| Etiology of CKD (%) | ||||||
| Chronic glomerulonephritis | 117 (58.21) | 70 (57.38) | 47 (59.49) | — | — | — |
| Diabetic kidney disease (%) | 42 (20.9) | 26 (21.31) | 16 (20.25) | — | — | — |
| Hypertension | 9 (4.48) | 6 (4.91) | 3 (3.80) | — | — | — |
| Others | 33 (16.42) | 20 (16.39) | 13 (16.46) | — | — | — |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Diabetes (%) | 55 (27.36) | 32 (26.23) | 23 (29.11) | — | — | — |
| Cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease (%) | 70 (34.83) | 48 (39.34) | 22 (27.85) | — | — | — |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 161.20 ± 24.95 | 164.34 ± 25.67 | 156.35 ± 23.12 | 141.62 ± 26.21& | 143.29 ± 28.62* | 139.66 ± 27.54# |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 92.72 ± 16.77 | 93.98 ± 16.86 | 90.77 ± 16.55 | 90.63 ± 15.37 | 91.01 ± 16.26 | 89.5 5 ± 13.72 |
| PD-related parameters | ||||||
| Total Weekly Kt/V urea | 2.21 ± 0.08 | 2.22 ± 0.09 | 2.19 ± 0.06 | 2.13 ± 0.09& | 2.10 ± 0.07* | 2.15 ± 0.11# |
| KT/V urea for PD | 1.55 ± 0.04 | 1.53 ± 0.03 | 1.56 ± 0.03 | — | — | — |
| KT/V urea for RRF | 0.66 ± 0.04 | 0.69 ± 0.06 | 0.63 ± 0.03 | — | — | — |
| D/P at 4 hours | 0.66 ± 0.16 | 0.68 ± 0.14 | 0.65 ± 0.18 | 0.60 ± 0.24 | 0.56 ± 0.19 | 0.62 ± 0.28 |
| Urine volume(mL/d) | 1287.69 ± 624.40 | 1346.70 ± 681.54 | 1196.57 ± 515.03 | — | — | — |
| RRF (mL/min per 1.73m2) | 5.36 ± 3.05 | 5.88 ± 3.26 | 4.68 ± 2.57 | — | — | — |
| Peritonitis rate (episodes per patient year) | — | — | — | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.17 |
| Laboratory values | ||||||
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 7.13 ± 3.46 | 7.12 ± 3.53 | 7.14 ± 3.32 | 7.24 ± 4.52& | 7.22 ± 4.23* | 7.26 ± 4.92# |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 30.90 ± 14.68 | 30.35 ± 12.69 | 31.78 ± 15.41 | 26.88 ± 17.41& | 28.25 ± 18.53* | 23.74 ± 14.21# |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 11.04 ± 3.80 | 10.71 ± 3.53 | 11.56 ± 4.11 | 9.47 ± 2.84& | 9.23 ± 2.52* | 10.16 ± 3.11 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.20 ± 1.18 | 8.18 ± 1.15 | 8.25 ± 1.20 | 10.19 ± 1.40 | 10.15 ± 1.35 | 10.23 ± 1.66 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 6.39 ± 1.55 | 6.34 ± 1.76 | 6.46 ± 1.46 | 6.32 ± 1.38 | 6.29 ± 1.28 | 6.33 ± 1.46 |
| Bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 19.08 ± 5.82 | 18.97 ± 4.04 | 19.26 ± 6.86 | 20.18 ± 4.86 | 19.97 ± 3.86 | 20.35 ± 5.26 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.98 ± 0.37 | 4.98 ± 0.41 | 4.99 ± 0.35 | 4.87 ± 0.43 | 4.93 ± 0.49 | 4.84 ± 0.38 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 107.88 ± 34.38 | 108.66 ± 31.86 | 107.12 ± 36.35 | 107.89 ± 32.33 | 108.23 ± 33.23 | 107.73 ± 31.92 |
| Hemoglobin(g/dL) | 8.20 ± 2.70 | 8.24 ± 2.51 | 8.15 ± 2.82 | 10.19 ± 1.40 | 11.24 ± 1.51 | 9.15 ± 1.32 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.61 ± 1.51 | 3.78 ± 1.72 | 3.55 ± 1.35 | 4.40 ± 1.30 | 4.78 ± 1.52 | 4.35 ± 1.15 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Urate-lowering drugs (%) | 21 (10.53) | 15 (12.30) | 6 (0.08) | 52 (25.87)& | 36 (29.51)* | 16 (20.25)# |
| Diuretics (%) | 86 (42.79) | 49 (40.16) | 37 (46.84) | 111 (55.22)& | 65 (53.28)* | 46 (58.23)# |
| RAS inhibitor (%) | 138 (68.66) | 83 (68.03) | 55 (69.62) | 182 (90.55)& | 113 (92.26)* | 69 (87.34)# |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number (percentage). BMI: body mass index; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CRP, C-reactive protein; Kt/V: urea clearance index; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RAS inhibitor: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor.
&,*,#p < 0.05; &Comparison of baseline and follow-up values among total patients; *Comparison of baseline and follow-up values among male patients; #comparison of baseline and follow-up values among female patients.