Table 3.
Associations of serum uromodulin with mortality, kidney failure, and major adverse cardiovascular events
| Outcome | Events | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | ||
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| HR per SD higher serum uromodulin | 335/5143 | 0.61 (0.52 to 0.71) | 0.67 (0.57 to 0.78) | 0.75 (0.63 to 0.89) | 0.80 (0.66 to 0.96) |
| Quartile 1 (≤55.6 ng/ml) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Quartile 2 (>55.6–83.4 ng/ml) | 0.63 (0.48 to 0.82) | 0.69 (0.52 to 0.90) | 0.76 (0.57 to 1.01) | 0.80 (0.60 to 1.07) | |
| Quartile 3 (>83.4–125.3 ng/ml) | 0.48 (0.36 to 0.65) | 0.53 (0.39 to 0.71) | 0.62 (0.45 to 0.86) | 0.70 (0.50 to 0.97) | |
| Quartile 4 (>125.3 ng/ml) | 0.31 (0.22 to 0.44) | 0.40 (0.28 to 0.57) | 0.50 (0.34 to 0.75) | 0.57 (0.38 to 0.87) | |
| Kidney failure | |||||
| HR per SD higher serum uromodulin | 229/5143 | 0.30 (0.24 to 0.39) | 0.31 (0.25 to 0.40) | 0.61 (0.46 to 0.80) | 0.61 (0.46 to 0.81) |
| Quartile 1 (≤55.6 ng/ml) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Quartile 2 (>55.6–83.4 ng/ml) | 0.50 (0.37 to 0.68) | 0.50 (0.37 to 0.68) | 0.73 (0.53 to 0.99) | 0.73 (0.52 to 1.01) | |
| Quartile 3 (>83.4–125.3 ng/ml) | 0.27 (0.19 to 0.40) | 0.28 (0.19 to 0.42) | 0.64 (0.43 to 0.96) | 0.65 (0.43 to 0.99) | |
| Quartile 4 (>125.3 ng/ml) | 0.07 (0.03 to 0.14) | 0.06 (0.03 to 0.13) | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.59) | 0.24 (0.10 to 0.55) | |
| MACE | |||||
| HR per SD higher serum uromodulin | 417/5143 | 0.68 (0.60 to 0.77) | 0.74 (0.65 to 0.84) | 0.80 (0.70 to 0.92) | 0.87 (0.77 to 1.02) |
| Quartile 1 (≤55.6 ng/ml) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| Quartile 2 (>55.6–83.4 ng/ml) | 0.73 (0.57 to 0.93) | 0.75 (0.59 to 0.96) | 0.76 (0.59 to 0.99) | 0.85 (0.66 to 1.11) | |
| Quartile 3 (>83.4–125.3 ng/ml) | 0.61 (0.47 to 0.79) | 0.64 (0.49 to 0.83) | 0.70 (0.53 to 0.93) | 0.78 (0.58 to 1.03) | |
| Quartile 4 (>125.3 ng/ml) | 0.35 (0.26 to 0.48) | 0.43 (0.32 to 0.59) | 0.49 (0.35 to 0.69) | 0.63 (0.45 to 0.90) | |
MACE, major cardiovascular event—defined as a composite of fatal cardiovascular event, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or incident peripheral vascular disease; HR, hazard ratio.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index.
b
Model 1 plus eGFR and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio.
c
Model 2 plus prevalent cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension at baseline, systolic BP, diastolic BP, serum high and LDL concentration, serum C-reactive protein and phosphorus concentration, prescription of diuretics, and lipid- and BP-lowering medication.