TABLE 2.
Influenza A(H5N8) viruses from the 2014-15 and 2016-17 influenza A(H5N8) outbreaks used to investigate polymerase activity
| Virus abbreviation | Symbol | Isolate name | Collection date (day/mo/yr) | Host | Host status | Specimen source | Accession no. GISAIDa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-15A | • | A/Chicken/Netherlands/emc-3/2014 (H5N8) | 21/11/2014 | Gallus gallus | Dead, domestic | Lung tissue | EPI_ISL_169282 (1) |
| 2014-15B | ▴ | A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/EMC-1/2014 (H5N8) | 24/11/2014 | Anas penelope | Healthy, wild | Feces | EPI_ISL_181093 (1) |
| 2014-15C | ⧫ | A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/EMC-2/2014 (H5N8) | 24/11/2014 | A. penelope | Healthy, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_169281 (1) |
| 2014-15D | ■ | A/Mallard/Republic of Georgia/1/2015 (H5N8) | 10/01/2015 | Anas platyrhynchos | Healthy, hunted, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_413225 (2) |
| 2014-15E | ▾ | A/Mallard/Republic of Georgia/2/2015 (H5N8) | 19/01/2015 | A. platyrhynchos | Healthy, hunted, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_413226 (2) |
| 2014-15F | ⬢ | A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/EMC-1/2015 (H5N8) | 25/02/2015 | A. penelope | Healthy, wild | Feces | EPI_ISL_177649 (1) |
| 2016-17A | ○ | A/Tufted Duck/Switzerland/160646/2016 (H5N8) | 08/11/2016 | Aythya fuligula | Dead, wild | Brain tissue | EPI_ISL_413224 (3) |
| 2016-17B | ▵ | A/Tufted Duck/Switzerland/V237/2016 (H5N8) | 13/11/2016 | A. fuligula | Dead, wild | Cloacal swab | EPI_ISL_257699 (3) |
| 2016-17C | ◊ | A/Chicken/Netherlands-Den Oever/16014231-001/2016 (H5N8) | 15/11/2016 | G. gallus | Domestic, dead | Unknown | EPI_ISL_268624 (4) |
| 2016-17D | ☐ | A/Great black backed gull/Netherlands/2/2016 (H5N8) | 23/11/2016 | Larus marinus | Dead, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_269697 (1) |
| 2016-17E | ▿ | A/Mew Gull/Netherlands/1/2016 (H5N8) | 23/11/2016 | Larus canus | Dead, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_255910 (1) |
| 2016-17F |  |
A/Tufted duck/Netherlands/1/2016 (H5N8) | 25/11/2016 | A. fuligula | Dead, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_255891 (1) |
| 2016-17G | |
A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/9/2016 (H5N8) | 04/12/2016 | A. penelope | Healthy, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_255914 (1) |
| 2016-17H | ⊗ | A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/4/2016 (H5N8) | 09/12/2016 | A. penelope | Dead, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_255912 (1) |
| 2016-17I | |
A/Mallard/2/Netherlands/2017 (H5N8) | 07/01/2017 | A. platyrhynchos | Healthy, wild | Oropharyngeal swab | EPI_ISL_255913 (1) |
a
Originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID’s EpiFlu Database on which this research is based are indicated as follows: 1, Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; 2, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom/National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia; 3, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Bern, Switzerland; and 4, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands.