Table 1.
Country profile of etiological agent's isolation.
Country | Product | Pathogen | No. of cases/isolates | Reference/year |
---|---|---|---|---|
Africa | ||||
Nigeria | Fresh vegetables and meat | Listeria monocytogenes | — | [56] |
South Africa | Fresh produce | Listeria monocytogenes | — | [57] |
Egypt | Orange juice | Hepatitis A | 351 | [58] |
Kenya | Maize | Hepatitis B and Aflatoxin | 317 | [59] |
Rwanda | — | Salmonella typhimurium | 78 | [60] |
| ||||
Europe | ||||
Sweden | Salads | Listeria monocytogenes | 51 | [61] |
Germany | Fresh produce | Escherichia coli O104: H4 | 2229 cases | [62] |
Strawberries | Norovirus | 11,000 | [63, 64] | |
Turkey | Green leaf lettuces, cos lettuces, iceberg lettuces, spinach, and carrot | Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis | — | [65] |
Denmark | Carrot and lettuce | Cryptosporidium hominis | 78 | [66] |
Finland | Raspberries | Norovirus | 200 | [67] |
Norway | Iceberg lettuce | Shigella sonnei | 110 | [68] |
United Kingdom | Basil | Salmonella spp. | 32 | [69] |
| ||||
Asia | ||||
China | Sprouts | Salmonella enteritidis | — | [70] |
China | Rice | Salmonella enteritidis | 197 | [71] |
Japan | Beans, cucumber and sprout | Salmonella spp. Escherichia coli O157: H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp., and Listeria monocytogenes | — | [72] |
India | Sprouts | Escherichia coli | 923 | [73] |
Southeast Asian cities | Waters | Escherichia coli | — | [74] |
Singapore | Bean sprouts and fresh-cut salads | Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Salmonella spp., yeasts and moulds | — | [75] |
| ||||
North and South America | ||||
Canada | Mango | Cyclospora cayetanensis | 17 | [76] |
Mexico | Cantaloupes | Salmonella spp. | — | [48] |
USA | Green onions | Hepatitis A virus | 111 | [77] |
USA | Tomatoes/peppers | Salmonella | 1442 | [69] |
USA | Cantaloupe | L. monocytogenes | 147 | [48] |
| ||||
Oceania | ||||
New Zealand | Blueberries | Hepatitis A | 81 | [78] |
Australia | Sprouts (Alfalfa) | Salmonella | 100 | [69] |
Australia | Lettuce | S. anatum | 144 | [72] |