Figure 1.

Phylogeny of the insect orders, after [55]. Indicated are the number of herbivorous and non-herbivorous species in each order, from [56], and the number of annotated genomes in each group, from the NCBI database in September 2019. Insets display diet variation in families of polyphagan beetles (top), modified from [6]; families of Bibionomorpha flies (middle), modified from [47]; and Drosophila and Scaptomyza flies (bottom), modified from [14]. Primary feeding modes are indicated in color to the right of each, from [6], [57] [51] and [56], respectively. Notable cases where there is exceptional diversity of feeding modes within groups are indicated by additional colored squares.