Table 3.
Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients who underwent CN, stratified by timing of IO administration.
| IO before CN | Upfront CN | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 24 | 197 | - |
|
Diagnosis year [# (% for each year)] −2015 −2016 |
13 (11.4%) 11 (10.3%) |
101 (88.6%) 96 (89.7%) |
0.832 |
| Median age (IQR), yrs. | 65 (56–70) | 56 (51–63) | 0.002 |
| Male sex (%) | 70.8 | 76.1 | 0.616 |
|
Race (%)
-White -Black -Hispanic -Asian/Other |
79.2 12.5 8.3 0 |
85.8 3.6 6.6 4.1 |
0.174 |
|
Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score (%)
−0 −1 −2 |
75.0 20.8 4.2 |
81.2 14.2 4.6 |
0.691 |
| Presence of sarcomatoid features (%) | 4.2 | 5.1 | 1.000 |
|
Fuhrman grade (%)
−1 −2 −3 −4 -Unknown |
0 25.0 29.2 8.3 37.5 |
0.5 11.7 34.0 35.0 18.8 |
0.035 |
|
Lymphovascular invasion (%)
-Yes -No -Unknown |
8.3 54.2 37.5 |
34.0 37.6 28.4 |
0.013 |
| Median primary tumor size (IQR), cm | 6.8 (5.0–9.4) | 10.0 (7.6–12.5) | 0.001 |
|
cT stage (%)
-cT1 -cT2 -cT3 -cT4 -cTx |
37.5 16.7 37.5 4.2 4.2 |
12.7 38.1 35.5 5.1 8.6 |
0.012 |
|
pT stage (%)
-pT0 -pT1 -pT2 -pT3 -pT4 -pTx |
8.3 20.8 4.2 41.7 8.3 16.7 |
0 6.1 13.7 69.5 7.6 3.0 |
<0.001 |
|
Difference between initial cT stage and pT stage (%) -pT<cT (pathologic downstaging from diagnosis) -pT = cT (unchanged from diagnosis) -pT>cT (pathologic upstaging from diagnosis) -Unable to determine |
8.3 58.3 16.7 16.7 |
4.6 48.2 37.1 10.2 |
0.156 |
|
cN stage (%) -cN0 -cN1 -cNx |
75.0 20.8 4.2 |
66.0 24.9 9.1 |
0.803 |
|
pN stage (%)
-pN0 -pN1 -pNx |
50.0 8.3 41.7 |
47.7 19.8 32.5 |
0.351 |
|
Presence of bone metastases (%)
-Yes -No -Unknown |
70.8 29.2 0 |
28.4 65.0 6.6 |
<0.001 |
|
Presence of brain metastases (%)
-Yes -No -Unknown |
0 100 0 |
7.1 86.8 6.1 |
0.378 |
|
Presence of liver metastases (%) -Yes -No -Unknown |
8.3 91.7 0 |
7.6 86.3 6.1 |
1.000 |
|
Presence of lung metastases (%) -Yes -No -Unknown |
50.0 50.0 0 |
68.5 24.9 6.6 |
0.030 |
|
Presence of bone, liver, or brain metastases (%)
-Yes -No -Unknown |
70.8 29.2 0 |
38.6 55.3 6.1 |
0.008 |
|
Number of known metastatic sites (%)
−1 −2 −3 −4 -No bone, brain, liver, or lung involvement -No information |
54.2 25.0 8.3 0 12.5 0 |
59.9 20.3 3.0 0.5 10.2 6.1 |
0.727 |
| Median time to surgery from diagnosis (IQR), days | 123 (107–176) | 21 (7–38) | <0.001 |
| Median time to receipt of IO from diagnosis (IQR), days | 51 (40–60) | 92 (68–122) | <0.001 |
|
Surgical margins (%)
-Negative -Positive -Unknown |
91.7 0 8.3 |
82.2 14.7 3.0 |
0.050 |
| Median inpatient post-operative length-of-stay (IQR), days | 4.0 (2.5–4.5) | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | 0.369 |
|
30-day post-operative readmission (%)
-Yes -No -Unknown |
0 100 0 |
4.6 91.4 4.1 |
0.602 |
*
P-values are 2-sided and calculated by chi-square or Mann-Whitney U tests for categorical or continuous variables, respectively, after exclusion of missing values. P<0.05 indicates significance.