Table 3:
Predicted trends for longitudinal measurements of fasting glucose, HbA1c and weight among patients with incident diabetes, by case status and race/ethnicity
| Total (N=110,699) | Asian (N=14,836) | Black (N=14,730) | Hispanic (N=36,892) | White (N=44,241) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic Cancer | No Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | No Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | No Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | No Pancreatic Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | No Pancreatic Cancer | |||||||
| Parameter1 | Estimate (CI)2 | Estimate (CI)2 | p3 | Estimate (CI)2 | Estimate (CI)2 | p3 | Estimate (CI)2 | Estimate (CI)2 | p3 | Estimate (CI)2 | Estimate (CI)2 | p3 | Estimate (CI)2 | Estimate (CI)2 | p3 | p4 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | ||||||||||||||||
| Slope 3 yrs-1 mo | 1.19 (0.71–1.67) | 0.81 (0.78–0.84) | 0.06 | 1.70 (0.50–2.90) | 0.91 (0.84–0.97) | 0.27 | −0.20 (−1.55–1.16) | 0.88 (0.79–0.97) | 0.14 | 1.38 (0.34–2.43) | 1.01 (0.95–1.06) | 0.45 | 1.62 (0.90–2.33) | 0.80 (0.75–0.84) | 0.03 | 0.16 |
| Change in slope at 1 mo | 37.47 (31.51–43.43) | 27.68 (27.38–27.97) | <0.01 | 34.49 (18.57–50.42) | 18.98 (18.32–19.63) | 0.07 | 44.65 (24.36–64.95) | 27.46 (26.57–28.36) | 0.11 | 30.94 (20.87–41.01) | 29.99 (29.42–30.57) | 0.85 | 38.98 (30.53–47.43) | 28.72 (28.29–29.14) | 0.02 | 0.28 |
| HbA1c (%) | ||||||||||||||||
| Slope 3 yrs-1 mo | 0.03 (0.00–0.06) | 0.04 (0.04–0.04) | 0.38 | 0.03 (−0.12–0.19) | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 0.05 | 0.01 (−0.05–0.08) | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | 0.41 | 0.01 (−0.05–0.07) | 0.04 (0.04–0.04) | 0.24 | 0.04 (0.01–0.08) | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | 0.84 | 0.31 |
| Change in slope at 1 mo | 1.39 (1.12–1.67) | 0.86 (0.85–0.87) | <0.001 | 0.92 (0.43–1.41) | 0.62 (0.59–0.64) | 0.09 | 1.37 (0.74–2.00) | 0.93 (0.90–0.97) | 0.20 | 1.27 (0.81–1.74) | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.15 | 1.48 (1.05–1.91) | 0.79 (0.78–0.81) | <0.01 | 0.72 |
| Weight (kg) | ||||||||||||||||
| Slope 3 yrs-diagnosis | −0.18 (−0.44–0.08) | 0.33 (0.31–0.34) | <0.001 | −0.19 (−0.49–0.11) | 0.23 (0.20–0.26) | <0.01 | 0.24 (−0.39–0.87) | 0.40 (0.36–0.44) | 0.67 | −0.30 (−0.70–0.09) | 0.31 (0.28–0.33) | <0.01 | −0.16 (−0.61–0.28) | 0.35 (0.32–0.37) | 0.03 | 0.65 |
Metabolic markers were evaluated from diabetes diagnosis up to three years prior in six-month intervals.
From a GEE model with the metabolic characteristic as a continuous outcome variable (identity link), time period as the main exposure, age, gender and race as covariates, and patient as the clustering variable. Glucose and HbAlc models included a spline term at the 6–1 month time interval to model the change in slope. Models were run separately for cases and non-cases.
P-value for heterogeneity across cases and non-cases. Obtained from a GEE model with a time period*case status interaction term. Glucose and HbAlc models included an additional interaction term for change in slope*case status.
P-value for heterogeneity across cases status and race. Glucose and HbA1c models included an additional three-way interaction for change in slope*case status*race. Glucose and HbAlc models also included three-way interaction for change in slope.