Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population in case and control groups
| Variables | Depressed patients | Control subjects | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Height (cm) | 162.81 ± 8.25 | 163.36 ± 8.67 | 0.59 |
| Weight (kg) | 69.76 ± 13.94 | 70.17 ± 14.24 | 0.8 |
| Age | 35.85 ± 10.86 | 35.69 ± 10.75 | 0.89 |
| Energy (kcal) | 2610 (2122–3293) | 2477 (1917–3096) | 0.06 |
| Cigarette use | |||
| Yes | 11 (10) | 12 (5.4) | 0.11 |
| No | 98 (89.1) | 209 (94.6) | |
| Hookah use | |||
| Yes | 6 (5.5) | 17 (7.7) | 0.46 |
| No | 102 (92.7) | 203 (91.9) | |
| Education | |||
| ≤ Diploma | 75 (68.2) | 132 (59.7) | 0.05 |
| > Diploma | 31 (28.2) | 89 (40.3) | |
| Family number | |||
| ≤ 2 | 18 (16.4) | 28 (12.7) | 0.6 |
| 3–4 | 68 (61.8) | 138 (62.4) | |
| ≥ 5 | 24 (21.8) | 55 (24.9) | |
| BMI | |||
| ≤ 18.5 | 3 (2.7) | 22 (10) | 0.03 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 48 (43.6) | 76 (34.4) | |
| ≥ 25 | 56 (50.9) | 116 (52.5) | |
| Physical activity | |||
| Mild | 67 (60.9) | 97 (43.9) | 0.007 |
| Moderate and severe | 43 (39.1) | 118 (53.4) | |
| Job status | |||
| Housekeeper | 66 (60) | 99 (44.8) | 0.01 |
| Employee and student | 21 (19.1) | 80 (36.2) | |
| Free job | 17 (15.5) | 34 (15.4) | |
| Retired | 6 (5.5) | 8 (3.6) | |
| Life event | |||
| Children event | 19 (17.3) | 33 (14.9) | < 0.001 |
| Life event | 28 (25.5) | 30 (13.6) | |
| Both | 20 (18.2) | 17 (7.7) | |
| Children number | |||
| ≤ 2 | 83 (75.5) | 192 (86.9) | 0.02 |
| 3–4 | 23 (20.9) | 27 (12.2) | |
| ≥ 5 | 4 (3.6) | 2 (0.9) | |
Data were presented as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and mean ± SD, median (Q1–Q3) for normally and non-normally distributed variables, respectively
*p values calculated by Chi square for categorical values and Independent samples t test or Mann–Whitney test for continuous values