Table 3.
Determinants of the first point of health-service contact (private clinic or primary health centre)
| Characteristics | Private clinic N (%) |
PHCa N (%) |
P | cOR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Districts | ||||||
| Urbana | 26 (27) | 51 (54) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Suburban | 25 (28) | 40 (44) | 0.557 | 1.24 (0.60–2.55) | 0.462 | 1.32 (0.63–2.76) |
| Rural | 42 (43) | 36 (37) | 0.020 | 2.27 (1.14–4.53) | 0.119 | 1.88 (0.85–4.15) |
| Household income level‡ | ||||||
| Poor | 63 (36) | 76 (43) | 0.355 | 1.32 (0.74–2.35) | 0.824 | 1.07 (0.57–2.01) |
| Non-Poora | 30 (28) | 51 (48) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Education level± | ||||||
| Low | 43 (43) | 38 (38) | 0.024 | 1.93 (1.09–3.41) | 0.090 | 1.69 (0.92–3.10) |
| Middle to higha | 50 (27) | 89 (49) | 1 | 1 | ||
| National health insurance | ||||||
| Covered | 52 (30) | 79 (46) | 0.468 | 0.81 (0.46–1.43) | 0.768 | 0.92 (0.51–1.65) |
| Not covereda | 41 (37) | 48 (44) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Workers in informal sectors | ||||||
| Yes | 68 (34) | 86 (43) | 0.364 | 1.32 (0.72–2.41) | 0.284 | 1.40 (1.76–2.58) |
| Noa | 25 (31) | 41 (51) | 1 | 1 | ||
aReference category; ‡ household earning below 1.9 USD per capita per day was classified as a poor household; ± a patient who did not graduate from elementary school was classified as having low education level