Table 1. List of abbreviations used for models (observations, predictions, and parameters).

Abbreviation	Definition	Units
An	CO2 assimilation rate observed	μmol m−2 s−1
Ci	Intercellular CO2 partial pressure observed	Pa
Tleaf	Leaf temperature observed	°C
gs	Conductance to CO2 from atmosphere to intercellular space observed	μmol m−2 s−1
O	Ambient O2 (assumed 21% atmosphere)	Pa
Q	Photosynthetically active radiation observed	μmol m−2 s−1
ϕPSII	Operating efficiency of PSII (Fm′ − Fs′/Fm′) observed	e− photon−1
Ac	Predicted Rubisco limited rate of CO2 assimilation	μmol m−2 s−1
Aj	Predicted electron transport limited rate of CO2 assimilation	μmol m−2 s−1
Jm	Predicted rate of electron transport following FvCB	μmol m−2 s−1
Jf	Predicted rate of electron transport following Yin	μmol m−2 s−1
Jl	Predicted rate of electron transport following beta decay model	μmol m−2 s−1
R	Universal gas constant (8.314 J K−1 mol−1)	J K−1 mol−1
αleaf	Absorptance of leaf photosynthetic pigments	%
ρ2	Partitioning of energy between PSII and PSI	%
falt	Fraction of electron not using LEF (1 − fpseudo(b)/(1 − fcyc) in Yin et al. (2009)	%
s	Lumped parameter (ρ2 αleaf falt; Yin et al., 2009)	%
Γ*25	CO2 photocompensation point (standardized to 25°C)	Pa
Kc25	Michaelis-Menten constant for Rubisco for CO2 (standardized to 25°C)	Pa
Ko25	Michaelis-Menten constant for Rubisco for O2 (standardized to 25°C)	kPa
Ei's (Kc, Ko, Rd, Vcmax, Γ*, Jmax, gm)	Activation energy used in Arrhenius function	KJ mol−1
Rd25	Respiration rate in the dark (standardized to 25°C)	μmol m−2 s−1
gm25	Mesophyll conductance (standardized to 25°C)	μmol m−2 s−1 Pa−1
Vcmax25	Maximum rate of carboxylation (standardized to 25°C)	μmol m−2 s−1
Jmax25	Maximum rate of electron transport (standardized to 25°C)	μmol m−2 s−1
ϕCO2	Quantum yield of CO2 using Equation 2.6	mol CO2 mol−1 photon
θJ	Curvature factor on electron transport rate predictions Jm and Jf	unitless
ϕPSII_ll	Maximum quantum efficiency following Yin using Equation 2.6	mol e− mol−1 photon
βPSII	Decay rate in ϕPSII under increasing Q using Equation 1	Q -1
αPSII	Modeled ϕPSII as Q approaches zero using Equation 1	unitless
κPSII	Modeled ϕPSII as Q approaches ∞ using Equation 1	unitless