Table 1:
Baseline Characteristics of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Patients With and Without Anemia
| Variable | Anemia (n=76) | Without Anemia (n=139) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median, (IQR) | 71 (63, 79) | 67 (61, 76) | 0.07 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), median, (IQR) | 32.9 (27.8, 38.9) | 33.3 (28.9, 38.7) | 0.47 |
| Body Surface Area (m2), median, (IQR) | 2.1 (1.9, 2.3) | 2.1 (1.9, 2.3) | 0.49 |
| Women | 27 (36%) | 77 (55%) | 0.005 |
| Heart Rate (beats/min), median, (IQR) | 66 (59,77) | 70 (62, 79) | 0.10 |
| White | 68 (90%) | 129 (92%) | 0.40 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mm Hg, median, (IQR) | 122 (112, 135) | 128 (115, 139) | 0.09 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 42 (55%) | 69 (50%) | 0.43 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 12 (16%) | 29 (21%) | 0.37 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 39 (51%) | 53 (38%) | 0.06 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 55 (72%) | 105 (76%) | 0.61 |
| Hypertension | 68 (89%) | 114 (82%) | 0.15 |
| Coronary Heart Disease | 31 (41%) | 53 (38%) | 0.70 |
| Malignancy | 1 (1%) | 7 (5%) | 0.17 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 7 (9%) | 18 (13%) | 0.42 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 13 (17%) | 18 (13%) | 0.41 |
| Valvular Heart Disease | 63 (83%) | 92 (66%) | 0.009 |
| JVP ≥8 cm | 35 (48%) | 60 (44%) | 0.63 |
| MLWFQ Score, median, (IQR) | 42 (28, 58) | 44 (30, 66) | 0.34 |
| NYHA class II | 33 (43%) | 68 (49%) | 0.44 |
| NYHA class III | 43 (57%) | 71 (51%) | 0.44 |
| Orthopnea | 25 (34%) | 48 (35%) | 0.97 |
| Peripheral Edema ≥2 | 18 (24%) | 26 (19%) | 0.39 |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen, mg/dL, median, (IQR) | 31.7 (23.0, 42.3) | 21.0 (16.0, 27.0) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine level, mg/dL, median, (IQR) | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.4) | <0.001 |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, median, (IQR) | 48.4 (33.8, 63.4) | 62.2 (49.0, 80.1) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL, median, (IQR) | 11.5 (11.0, 12.2) | 13.5 (13.0, 14.5) | <0.001 |
| Sodium level, mEq/L, median, (IQR) | 140 (139, 142) | 140 (138, 141) | 0.24 |
| H2FPEF Score*, median, (IQR) | 6 (5, 8) | 6 (5, 8) | 0.78 |
| H2FPEF Score based HFpEF Probability, Median | 96.7 (91.0, 98.6) | 95.4 (84.0, 98.1) | 0.16 |
| Percentage, (IQR) | |||
| ACE inhibitors or ARB | 51 (67%) | 93 (67%) | 0.98 |
| Aldosterone Antagonist | 11 (15%) | 12 (9%) | 0.18 |
| Calcium Channel Blocker | 22 (29%) | 44 (32%) | 0.68 |
| Statin | 55 (72%) | 83 (60%) | 0.06 |
| β-Blockers | 56 (35%) | 108 (65%) | 0.51 |
Abbreviations: ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI = body mass index; GFR = glomerular filtration rate; IQR=interquartile range; JVP = jugular venous pressure; MLWFQ = Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; NYHA = New York Heart Association.
Note: Data are presented as median (25th–75th percentile) or as number (percentage).
H2FPEF score is a composite of age>60 years; use of ≥2 anti-hypertensive medications, obesity, presence of atrial fibrillation, E/e’ ratio >9, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure >35 mm Hg. The score is available in 126 participants (77 with anemia, 49 without anemia).