Table 3. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression of factors associated with poor quality of sleep among PLWHA attending ART clinic at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 389).
| Variable | Category | Poor Sleep Quality | COR (95%CI) | AOR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| Age | 18–24 | 23 | 30 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–54 | 114 | 119 | 1.25 (0.69,2.3) | 1.4 (0.6, 3.4) | |
| 55–64 | 72 | 13 | 7.2 (3.2, 16.1) | 5.7(1.9, 17.8)* | |
| ≥ 65 | 15 | 3 | 6.5(1.6, 25.2) | 6.6(1.2, 36.9)* | |
| Marital status | Married | 142 | 121 | 1 | 1 |
| Single | 29 | 15 | 1.6(0.86, 3.27) | 1.6 (0.5, 5.0) | |
| Divorced | 26 | 12 | 2.1(1.01, 4.46) | 1.1(0.4, 3.0) | |
| Widowed | 27 | 17 | 1.37(0.7, 2.64) | 0.9(0.34, 2.2) | |
| Educational status | Unable to read & write | 36 | 13 | 2.8(1.25,6.14) | 0.5(0.13, 1.6) |
| Primary | 101 | 63 | 1.56(0.8,2.78) | 0.6(0.26, 1.7) | |
| Secondary | 54 | 56 | 1.0(0.54,1.84) | 0.8(0.35, 2.2) | |
| College/university | 33 | 33 | 1 | 1 | |
| Occupation | Civil servant | 19 | 39 | 1 | 1 |
| Merchant | 59 | 50 | 2.4 (1.24, 4.7) | 2.7(1.01, 7.3) | |
| Day worker | 71 | 34 | 4.29(2.16,8.5) | 1.83(0.57,5.8) | |
| Student | 11 | 5 | 4.5(1.37,14.9) | 2.28(0.32,16.2) | |
| House wife | 36 | 30 | 2.46 (1.2, 5.1) | 1.27(0.37,4.3) | |
| Unemployed | 19 | 6 | 6.5 (2.2, 18.9) | 3.4 (0.9, 13.2) | |
| Others | 9 | 1 | 18.5(2.1,25.6) | 5.6 (0.3, 9.6) | |
| Monthly income | <1656 ETB | 163 | 82 | 2.7(1.77,4.13) | 2.17(1.06,4.4)* |
| ≥1656 ETB | 61 | 83 | 1 | 1 | |
| Anxiety | No | 116 | 149 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 108 | 16 | 8.6(4.86,15.4) | 4.4(2.12, 9.2)** | |
| Depression | No | 119 | 151 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 105 | 14 | 9.5(5.19,17.4) | 4.97 (2.28, 10)** | |
| WHO stages of HIV/AIDS | Stage I | 131 | 136 | 1 | 1 |
| Stage II | 74 | 22 | 3.49(2.05,5.9) | 0.77(0.18, 3.4) | |
| Stage III & IV | 19 | 7 | 2.82(1.14, 6.9) | 0.17(0.03, 1.2) | |
| Duration since HIV diagnosis | ≤1 year | 39 | 36 | 1 | 1 |
| >1 year | 185 | 129 | 1.41(0.85, 2.3) | 0.86(0.43, 1.7) | |
| CD4 count | <200 cells/ml | 9 | 2 | 5.1(1.07,23.8) | 1.9 (0.22, 18.2) |
| 200–499 cells /ml | 93 | 26 | 4.01(2.44, 6.6) | 3.0 (0.7, 13.2) | |
| ≥500 cells/ml | 122 | 137 | 1 | 1 | |
| ART drug type | EFV-based | 136 | 73 | 1.86 (1.24,2.8) | 1.7 (0.9, 3.04) |
| Non EFV-based | 88 | 92 | 1 | 1 | |
| Chronic medical illness | No | 147 | 136 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 77 | 29 | 2.45(1.5, 3.99) | 1.6 (0.8, 3.3) | |
| Lifetime substance use | No | 120 | 113 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 104 | 52 | 1.88(1.2, 2.87) | 1.3(0.6, 2.8) | |
| Current substance use | No | 151 | 136 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 73 | 29 | 2.27(1.4, 3.7) | 1.03(0.4, 2.6) | |
| Social support | Poor | 127 | 40 | 5.8(3.02,11.3) | 2.9(1.16, 7.3)* |
| Moderate | 77 | 90 | 1.57(0.8, 2.97) | 1.2(0.5, 2.8) | |
| Good | 19 | 35 | 1 | 1 | |
*Significant association (P-value <0.05)
**Significant association (P-value <0.01), Abbreviation: COR: Crudes Odds Ratio, AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI: Confidence Interval, ART: Anti-Retroviral Therapy, ETB: Ethiopian Birr