Table 1.
Basic characteristics of included clinical trials
| Author, date | Clinical trial no. | Acronym | Patient characteristics | Trial design | Intervention | Sample size | Follow‐up | Study location | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tolvaptan | Control | ||||||||
| Gheorghiade 2004 | NR | ACTIV in CHF | CHF | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 30 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 320 | 7 d | Argentina, USA |
| Gheorghiade 2007 | NCT00071331 | EVEREST | CHF | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 30 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 4133 | 7 d | 18 Countries |
| Udelson 2011 | NR | NR | HF | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 30 mg/d + FUR | Pla + FUR | 41 | 8 d | USA |
| LI Ling 2011 | NR | NR | HF | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 15‐60 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 65 | 7 d | China |
| Matsue 2016 | UMIN000007109 | AQUAMARINE | AHF, RI | Mul, Ran, OL, Ctr | TLV 15 mg/d + FUR | FUR | 217 | 2 d | Japan |
| Shanmugam 2016 | CTRI/2013/05/003643 | NR | AHF, Hyp | Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 15 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 51 | 5 d | India |
| Jujo 2016 | UMIN000014134 | NR | CHF | Ran, OL, Ctr | TLV 7.5 mg/d + Car | FUR + Car | 60 | 5 d | Japan |
| Kimura 2016 | NR | TACT‐ADHF | ADHF | Ran, SB, Ctr | TLV 15 mg/d + FUR | FUR | 52 | 7 d | Japan |
| Tamaki 2017 | UMIN000013727 | NR | ADHF | Ran, OL, Ctr | TLV 7.5‐15 mg/d + Con | Con | 50 | 48 h | Japan |
| Inomata 2017 | UMIN000009201 | K‐STAR | HF, RI | Mul, Ran, OL, Ctr | TLV 7.5‐15 mg/d + Con | Con | 81 | 7 d | Japan |
| Konstam 2017 | NCT01584557 | SECRET of CHF | HF, RI | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 30 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 250 | 7 d | USA |
| Felker 2017 | NCT01644331 | TACTICS‐HF | HF | Mul, Ran, DB, PCtr | TLV 30 mg/d + Con | Pla + Con | 257 | 48 h | USA |
Abbreviations: ADHF, acute decompensated heart failure; AHF, acute heart failure; Car, carperitide; CHF, congestive heart failure; Ctr, controlled; Con, conventional diuretic; DB, double‐blind; FUR, furosemide; HF, heart failure; Hyp, hyponatremia; Mul, multicentre; NR, not reported; OL, open‐labeled; Pla, placebo; PCtr, placebo‐controlled; Ran, randomized; RI, renal impairment; SB, single‐blind; TLV, tolvaptan.