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. 2020 May 12;52(5):730–737. doi: 10.1038/s12276-020-0434-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 2 — Mitochondrial proteases or proteasomes can remove damaged proteins from the mitochondria. In some cases, a small portion of a mitochondrion containing damaged proteins is segregated as a vesicle (MDV) and transferred to the lysosome. Massive mitochondrial damage that induces a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) triggers mitophagy. Under physiological conditions, the mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 focally reduces the MMP at the mitochondrial fission site via interactions with the mitochondrial zinc transporter ZIP1. This DRP1-induced MMP reduction serves to discriminate and selectively remove only damaged mitochondrial fragments through the localized induction of the mitophagy cascade.