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. 2020 Jun 4;10:9149. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65830-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A numerically determined ratio of the number of pores when cells orientation is parallel vs perpendicular. Different examples are shown: when a cell is of different geometry (ratio 1:2 and 1:4) and/or when equivalent pulse parameters are calculated as the hyperbolic equation, scaled hyperbolic equation or with the Saulis pore equation. We can see that in all cases with nanosecond pulses the perpendicular direction was more efficient in pore formation and the crossover was obtained in the range of 3 to 6 microseconds, depending on the cell geometry and applied an electric field. The black dashed line shows the ratio of 1 where perpendicular and parallel orientation are equivalent.