Fig. 1.

Schematic of the cardiac-coronary modeling framework. Left ventricle (LV) and coronary tree were connected to a closed-loop lumped circulatory system. Pressure (P), volume (V), resistance (R), and compliance (C) are the properties in each compartment. LV, left atrium (LA), arterial (art), venous (ven), and peripheral (per) vessel compartments and aortic (aor) and mitral (mit) valves are denoted by subscripts. All the variables in the lumped circulatory system are time-dependent functions.