Table 2.
In vitro effects of the exposure to PNX on the mRNA expression of genes involved in glucose transport and metabolism in zebrafish liver cells
| Glucose Transport and Metabolism | 1 h |
2 h |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | PNX (1 nM) | PNX (10 nM) | PNX (100 nM) | Control | PNX (1 nM) | PNX (10 nM) | PNX (100 nM) | |
| Transport | ||||||||
| glut2 | 1.00 ± 0.23 | 1.40 ± 0.20 | 1.29 ± 0.13 | 1.14 ± 0.13 | 1.00 ± 0.09 | 1.88 ± 0.13*** | 1.91 ± 0.14*** | 2.96 ± 0.49*** |
| sglt1 | 1.00 ± 0.17 | 1.70 ± 0.26* | 1.64 ± 0.20* | 1.43 ± 0.13* | 1.00 ± 0.15 | 2.06 ± 0.48* | 1.40 ± 0.20 | 1.48 ± 0.08* |
| Glycolysis | ||||||||
| gck | 1.00 ± 0.06 | 1.23 ± 0.07* | 1.24 ± 0.10* | 1.36 ± 0.18* | 1.00 ± 0.12 | 1.60 ± 0.20* | 1.27 ± 0.21 | 0.95 ± 0.11 |
| pfkla | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 1.14 ± 0.09 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.71 ± 0.07* | 1.00 ± 0.06 | 1.18 ± 0.06* | 1.04 ± 0.07 | 0.78 ± 0.07* |
| pfklb | 1.00 ± 0.03 | 1.39 ± 0.19* | 1.40 ± 0.11** | 1.42 ± 0.18* | 1.00 ± 0.13 | 1.49 ± 0.19* | 1.31 ± 0.19 | 0.95 ± 0.22 |
| pklr | 1.00 ± 0.21 | 1.47 ± 0.08* | 1.32 ± 0.11 | 1.97 ± 0.29* | 1.00 ± 0.11 | 1.27 ± 0.15 | 1.14 ± 0.14 | 0.76 ± 0.06 |
| Gluconeogenesis | ||||||||
| pck1 | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.56 ± 0.06** | 1.00 ± 0.17 | 0.52 ± 0.01** | 0.58 ± 0.13* | 0.61 ± 0.14* |
| pck2 | 1.00 ± 0.14 | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 0.72 ± 0.06* | 0.60 ± 0.07* | 1.00 ± 0.11 | 0.63 ± 0.03** | 0.71 ± 0.06* | 0.73 ± 0.01* |
| fbp1a | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 1.08 ± 0.11 | 0.96 ± 0.13 | 1.00 ± 0.19 | 1.00 ± 0.14 | 0.30 ± 0.05*** | 0.38 ± 0.04*** | 0.28 ± 0.04*** |
| fbp1b | 1.00 ± 0.09 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | 1.14 ± 0.17 | 0.99 ± 0.10 | 1.00 ± 0.04 | 1.06 ± 0.28 | 0.81 ± 0.14 | 0.52 ± 0.10*** |
| g6pca1 | 1.00 ± 0.18 | 0.45 ± 0.06** | 0.45 ± 0.04** | 0.58 ± 0.11* | 1.00 ± 0.17 | 0.79 ± 0.07 | 0.69 ± 0.12 | 0.65 ± 0.10* |
| g6pcb | 1.00 ± 0.05 | 1.31 ± 0.13* | 1.35 ± 0.13* | 1.53 ± 0.08*** | 1.00 ± 0.19 | 1.29 ± 0.15 | 1.30 ± 0.17 | 0.78 ± 0.07 |
| Glycogen metabolism | ||||||||
| glycogen synthase 2 | 1.00 ± 0.07 | 1.17 ± 0.09 | 1.36 ± 0.12* | 1.01 ± 0.03 | 1.00 ± 0.03 | 0.71 ± 0.11* | 1.07 ± 0.19 | 0.98 ± 0.13 |
| glycogen phosphorylase | 1.00 ± 0.06 | 1.01 ± 0.11 | 0.57 ± 0.07*** | 0.71 ± 0.06** | 1.00 ± 0.14 | 1.26 ± 0.24 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.61 ± 0.06* |
Data obtained by real-time quantitative PCR are shown as means ± SE of the results obtained in two different experiments; n = 6 fish in each experiment. Cells were incubated with culture media alone (control) or containing 1, 10, and 100 nM phoenixin-20 (PNX-20) during 1 and 2 h. The graphical representation of the in vitro effects of the exposure to PNX on the mRNA expression of genes involved in glucose transport and metabolism in zebrafish liver cells is shown in Supplemental Fig. S2 (accessed at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11894232.v2)]. fbp1a, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1a; fbp1b, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1b; g6pca1, glucose 6-phosphatase a1; g6pcb, glucose 6-phosphatase b; gck, glucokinase; glut2, glucose transporter 2; pck1, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1; pck2, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2; pfkla, phosphofructokinase a; pfklb, phosphofructokinase b; pklr, pyruvate kinase; sglt1, sodium-glucose cotransporter 1.
P < 0.05,
P < 0.01, and
P < 0.001, significant differences between control and treated groups within each time point.