Table 1.
Baseline descriptive characteristics of the 202 participants.
| Men (n=59) | Women (n=143) | All (n=202) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 79.2±4.0 | 79.2±3.2 | 79.2±3.5 |
| Educational level, n (%) | |||
| <6 years | 17(28.8) | 43(30.1) | 60(29.7) |
| 7-9 years | 16(27.1) | 44(30.8) | 60(29.7) |
| ≥10 years | 25(42.4) | 55(38.5) | 80(39.6) |
| Home help service, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 1(1.7) | 2(1.4) | 3(1.5) |
| No | 58(98.3) | 141(98.6) | 199(98.5) |
| Physical activity level | |||
| Frändin-Grimby Scale, median (Q1-Q3) | 4.0(3-4) | 4.0(3.75-4.0) | 4.0(3-4) |
| Measures of function | |||
| Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), mean ± SD | 27.7±1.7 | 27.8±1.8 | 27.8±1.8 |
| Visual acuity with glasses, n (%) | |||
| Excellent/ good | 43(72.9) | 103(72.0) | 146(72.3) |
| Fair/poor | 16(27.1) | 38(26.6) | 54(26.7) |
| Barthel Index, mean ± SD | 20.0±0.2 | 19.9±0.3 | 19.9±0.3 |
| Timed Up and Go (TUG), seconds | 9.3±1.6 | 9.5±1.8 | 9.5±1.7 |
| Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), score | 10.8±1.4 | 10.6±1.4 | 10.7±1.4 |
| History of falls in previous year, n (%) | |||
| No falls | 23(39.0) | 72(50.3) | 95(47.0) |
| One fall | 23(39.0) | 49(34.3) | 72(35.6) |
| ≥2 falls | 13(22.0) | 22(15.4) | 35(17.3) |
| Medical Diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| High blood pressure | 20(33.9) | 77(53.8) | 97(48.0) |
| Heart disease | 20(33.9) | 22(15.4) | 42(20.8) |
| Pulmonary disease | 4(6.8) | 14(9.8) | 18(8.9) |
| Stroke | 11(18.6) | 12(8.4) | 23(11.4) |
| Transient Ischemic Attack | 2(3.4) | 7(4.9) | 9(4.5) |
| Rheumatic disease | 3(5.1) | 9(6.3) | 12(5.9) |
| Number of prescribed medications, mean | 3.2±2.5 | 3.3±2.4 | 3.3±2.5 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI), mean ± SD | 25.5±2.8 | 26.7±4.0 | 26.3±3.7 |
| Self-rated health, n (%) | |||
| Excellent | 1(1.7) | 7(4.9) | 8(4.0) |
| Very good | 28(47.5) | 31(21.7) | 59(29.2) |
| Good | 24(40.7) | 80(55.9) | 104(51.5) |
| Fair | 6(10.2) | 24(16.8) | 30(14.9) |
| Poor | 0 | 1(0.7) | 1(0.5) |