Table 1.

Statistics for Presence of Each of the 10 Symptoms From the Data Set (n = 961)

Symptoms	TP	TN	FP	FN	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	PLR
Fever	143	413	323	82	0.64 (0.57–0.70)	0.56 (0.53–0.60)	0.31 (0.26–0.35)	0.83 (0.80–0.87)	1.45 (1.26–1.63)
Fatigue	150	289	447	75	0.67 (0.61–0.73)	0.39 (0.36–0.43)	0.25 (0.22–0.29)	0.79 (0.75–0.84)	1.10 (0.98–1.22)
Dry cough	166	236	500	59	0.74 (0.68–0.80)	0.32 (0.29–0.35)	0.25 (0.22–0.28)	0.80 (0.75–0.85)	1.09 (0.99–1.19)
Loss of appetite	90	542	194	135	0.40 (0.34–0.46)	0.74 (0.70–0.77)	0.32 (0.26–0.37)	0.80 (0.77–0.83)	1.52 (1.21–1.82)
Pain in your muscles	128	389	347	97	0.57 (0.50–0.63)	0.53 (0.49–0.56)	0.27 (0.23–0.31)	0.80 (0.76–0.84)	1.21 (1.04–1.37)
Difficulty breathing	83	418	318	142	0.37 (0.31–0.43)	0.57 (0.53–0.60)	0.21 (0.17–0.25)	0.75 (0.71–0.78)	0.85 (0.69–1.02)
Coughing up phlegm	35	625	111	190	0.16 (0.11–0.20)	0.85 (0.82–0.88)	0.24 (0.17–0.31)	0.77 (0.74–0.80)	1.03 (0.67–1.39
Sore throat	83	392	344	142	0.37 (0.31–0.43)	0.53 (0.50–0.57)	0.19 (0.16–0.23)	0.73 (0.70–0.77)	0.79 (0.64–0.94)
Diarrhea	57	544	192	168	0.25 (0.20–0.31)	0.74 (0.71–0.77)	0.23 (0.18–0.28)	0.76 (0.73–0.80)	0.97 (0.72–1.22)
Loss of taste or smell	110	628	108	115	0.49 (0.42–0.55)	0.85 (0.83–0.88)	0.50 (0.44–0.57)	0.85 (0.82–0.87)	3.33 (2.60–4.06)

For TP, TN, FP, and FN value is number of case. For sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and PLR value is shown with 95% CI.

TP = true positive; TN = true negative; FP = false positive; FN = false negative; PPV = positive predictive value; NPV = negative predictive value; PLR = positive likelihood ratio.