Table 2:
Laboratory and imaging findings within 24 hours of presentation among 316 patients presenting with acute respiratory illness and tested for COVID-19
| Lab normal values | COVID-19 positive (n=33) |
COVID-19 negative (n=283) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete blood count | ||||
| White blood cell count | 3.4- | |||
| Leukopenia* | 10.0×109/L | 3/33 (9%) | 10/279 (4%) | 0.148 |
| Leukocytosis† | 0/33 (0%) | 110/279 (39%) | <0.001 | |
| Neutrophil count | 1.8–6.8×109/L | |||
| Neutropenia* | 2/33 (6%) | 7/274 (3%) | 0.250 | |
| Neutrophilia† | 4/33 (12%) | 126/274 (46%) | <0.001 | |
| Lymphocyte count | 1.0–3.4×109/L | |||
| Lymphopenia* | 18/33 (55%) | 92/274 (34%) | 0.018 | |
| Lymphocytosis† | 0/33 (0%) | 15/274 (6%) | 0.384 | |
| Platelet count | 140- | |||
| Thrombocytopenia* | 450×109/L | 7/33 (21%) | 31/279 (11%) | 0.093 |
| Thrombocytosis† | 0/33 (0%) | 14/279 (5%) | 0.377 | |
| Hemoglobin | 13.6–17.5 | |||
| Anemic* | g/dL | 19/33 (58%) | 176/280 (63%) | 0.554 |
| Chemistry | ||||
| Hyponatremia* | 135–145 | 11/32 (34%) | 56/274 (20%) | 0.071 |
| Hypernatremia† | mmol/L | 1/32 (3%) | 12/274 (4%) | 1.000 |
| Creatinine, elevated† (%) | 0.73–1.18 mg/dL |
11/32 (34%) | 71/274 (26%) | 0.306 |
| Aspartate transaminase, elevated† | 5 – 44 U/L | 10/28 (36%) | 38/217 (18%) | 0.022 |
| Alanine transaminase, elevated† | 10 – 61 U/L | 3/28 (11%) | 22/217 (10%) | 1.000 |
| Troponin I, elevated | <0.05 ug/L | 2/13 (15%) | 37/161 (23%) | 0.735 |
| Procalcitonin, elevated | <0.26 ug/L | 4/25 (16%) | 44/125 (35%) | 0.065 |
| Venous blood gas | ||||
| pH | 7.31–7.41 | |||
| Acidemic* | 0/29 (0%) | 28/192 (15%) | 0.031 | |
| Alkalemic† | 11/29 (38%) | 46/192 (24%) | 0.116 | |
| Hypercarbic† | 41–51 mmHg | 1/29 (4%) | 54/192 (28%) | 0.002 |
| Elevated lactate† | 0.5–2.0 mmol/L |
5/29 (17%) | 51/194 (26%) | 0.295 |
| Chest X-ray findings | ||||
| X-ray within first 24 hours | 33/33 (100%) | 277/283 (98%) | 1.000 | |
| Patchy/hazy opacities | ||||
| Unilateral | 4/33 (12%) | 37/277 (13%) | 0.001 | |
| Bilateral | 18/33 (55%) | 67/277 (24%) | ||
| Not present | 12/33 (33%) | 173/277 (63%) | ||
| Focal consolidation | ||||
| Unilateral | 1/33 (3%) | 29/277 (11%) | 0.368 | |
| Bilateral | 2/33 (6%) | 13/277 (5%) | ||
| Not Present | 30/33 (91%) | 235/277 (85%) | ||
| Interstitial abnormalities | ||||
| Unilateral | 0/33 (0%) | 7/277 (3%) | 0.561 | |
| Bilateral | 4/33 (12%) | 52/277 (19%) | ||
| Not Present | 29/33 (88%) | 218/277 (79%) | ||
| Pleural effusion | ||||
| Unilateral | 1/33 (3%) | 18/277 (7%) | 0.031 | |
| Bilateral | 0/33 (0%) | 18/277 (7%) | ||
| Not Present | 32/33 (97%) | 241/277 (87%) |
Legend
Results reflect lab tests and imaging tests performed within 24 hours of presentation. COVID-19 - Coronavirus Disease 2019.
*
lower than the lower limit of normal
†
greater than the upper limit of normal