Table 6.

All optimization results (dimension = 50) (italics is the worst; bold is the best).

Function	BFO	PSO	CEBFO	MBFO	SCBFO
Sphere	1.2296e + 00	5.1629e − 01	2.9785e − 03	4.3782e − 02	2.5640e − 04
Schwefel	7.1727e − 01	3.6523e − 01	1.8411e − 02	1.2251e − 01	5.4840e − 03
Rosenbrock	4.8971e + 01	2.6187e + 02	4.3895e + 01	4.7577e + 01	4.2921e + 01
H-C elliptic	2.3254e + 04	7.5619e + 03	4.5441e − 02	1.4744e + 03	3.7319e − 03
Dixon-Price	9.7442e − 01	6.6671e − 01	6.6706e − 01	6.8092e − 01	2.5206e − 01
Ackley	7.5556e − 02	9.5134e − 02	3.0657e − 03	1.2194e − 02	8.9346e − 04
Rastrigin	2.4519e + 00	1.0396e + 00	5.6716e − 03	8.4771e − 02	5.2069e − 04
Griewank	4.9338e − 02	2.6284e − 01	5.1255e − 05	1.7769e − 03	4.8724e − 06
Levy	3.9906e + 00	3.2803e + 00	3.2916e + 00	2.4980e + 00	1.6172e + 00
HappyCat	2.4611e + 00	8.2289e − 01	6.1940e − 01	8.0924e − 01	4.1961e − 01