Table 3. Crude and adjusted relative risks (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the association between incident fear of falling and clinical/functional, psychosocial and lifestyle variables – FIBRA-RJ Study, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 2010. (N=65).
| Incident fear of falling | Crude RR (95%CI) | Adjusted RR (95%CI) Model 1 | Adjusted RR (95%CI) Model 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of morbidities | |||
| 0–1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–3 | 0.90 (0.58–1.39) | 0.84 (0.55–1.29) | 0.60 (0.37–0.95) |
| ≥ 4 | 1.93 (1.13–3.26) | 1.75 (1.01–3.04) | 0.99 (0.49–1.98) |
| Number of medicines | |||
| 0–3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 4–6 | 1.45 (0.93–2.27) | 1.35 (0.87–2.10) | 1.40 (0.88–2.24) |
| ≥ 7 | 2.35 (1.44–3.83) | 2.18 (1.36–3.47) | 2.00 (1.08–3.69) |
| Falls | |||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1–2 | 0.82 (0.39–1.66) | 0.71 (0.35–1.44) | 0.67 (0.36–1.37) |
| ≥ 3 | 1.98 (0.87–4.54) | 1.37 (0.72–2.58) | 1.44 (0.55–3.75) |
| Fracture after fall | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.50 (0.37–6.12) | 1.08 (0.26–4.44) | 0.83 (0.25–2.73) |
| Walking aid | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.20 (0.40–3.59) | 1.40 (0.44–4.42) | 1.04 (0.44–2.47) |
| Hearing impairment | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.32 (0.72–2.40) | 1.37 (0.77–2.44) | 1.48 (0.83–2.65) |
| Visual impairment | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.85 (0.55–1.32) | 0.87 (0.57–1.31) | 1.20 (0.73–1.97) |
| Hand grip strength | |||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Impaired | 1.77 (1.13–2.79) | 1.29 (0.76–2.18) | 1.64 (0.98–2.77) |
| Walking speed | |||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Impaired | 1.33 (0.77–2.26) | 1.00 (0.59–1.70) | 1.12 (0.65–1.94) |
| Functional dependence (BADL) | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.27 (0.53–3.01) | 1.28 (0.59–2.77) | 1.59 (0.80–3.13) |
| Functional dependence (IADL) | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.48 (1.01–2.19) | 1.41 (0.97–2.08) | 1.13 (0.73–1.77) |
| Self-rated health | |||
| Good/Very good | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Fair | 1.49 (1.00–2.22) | 1.51 (1.03–2.21) | 1.38 (0.86–2.20) |
| Poor/Very poor | 1.73 (0.43–7.10) | 2.26 (0.53–9.57) | 3.36 (0.64–17.6) |
| BMI | |||
| Eutrophic | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Undernourished | 1.15 (0.42–3.18) | 1.17 (0.42–3.24) | 0.99 (0.37–2.66) |
| Overweight/Obese | 1.31 (0.48–3.57) | 1.33 (0.48–3.60) | 1.33 (0.48–3.65) |
| Cognitive function | |||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Impaired | 1.04 (0.57–1.92) | 1.34 (0.73–2.47) | 1.31 (0.72–2.40) |
| Depressive symptoms | |||
| Normal | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Impaired | 1.56 (0.87–2.79) | 1.42 (0.80–2.54) | 1.46 (0.75–2.85) |
| Living alone | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.03 (0.64–1.67) | 1.13 (0.69–1.85) | 0.89 (0.54–1.48) |
| Activity level | |||
| Better/Same | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Worse | 2.52 (1.80–3.62) | 2.32 (1.61–3.33) | 2.07 (1.40–3.07) |
BMI: body mass index; BADL: basic activities of daily living; IADL: instrumental activities of daily living.
Model 1: adjusted for sex and age.
Model 2: adjusted for all variables in model, including sex and age.
Source: Frailty in Older Adults (FIBRA-RJ) - 2008–2013.