Table 2.

Associations of patient-level and center-level characteristics with listing for preemptive kidney transplantation

Variablea	N	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)	P Value
Patient variablesb
Age, yr			<0.001
18–29	149	1
30–39	235	0.9 (0.51 to 1.57)
40–49	455	0.79 (0.47 to 1.32)
50–59	657	0.57 (0.34 to 0.97)
60–64	372	0.47 (0.26 to 0.87)
65–75	808	0.19 (0.1 to 0.37)
Ethnic group			<0.001
White	2177	1
Asian	293	0.49 (0.33 to 0.72)
Black	177	0.43 (0.26 to 0.71)
Other	29	0.23 (0.07 to 0.8)
BMI			<0.001
<20	184	0.66 (0.4 to 1.09)
20 to <25	798	1
25 to <30	845	1.31 (0.99 to 1.73)
30 to <35	482	0.97 (0.69 to 1.38)
35 to <40	223	0.31 (0.18 to 0.54)
≥40	144	0.12 (0.05 to 0.28)
Time since first seen by nephrologist, yr			<0.001
<1	701	1
1–3	619	8.12 (5.44 to 12.1)
>3	1355	11.55 (8.05 to 16.55)
Diabetes			<0.001
No	1626	1
Type 1	266	1.12 (0.76 to 1.64)
Type 2	784	0.37 (0.26 to 0.52)
Peripheral vascular disease
No	2456	1
Yes	220	0.29 (0.13 to 0.61)	0.001
Heart disease
No	2170	1
Yes	506	0.55 (0.36 to 0.82)	0.004
Heart failure
No	2490	1
Yes	186	0.25 (0.08 to 0.77)	0.02
Cerebrovascular disease
No	2448	1
Yes	228	0.53 (0.3 to 0.92)	0.03
Malignancy
No	2340	1
Yes	336	0.33 (0.2 to 0.53)	<0.001
Smoking			<0.001
No	1148	1
Current	383	0.53 (0.36 to 0.78)
Ex-smoker	769	0.95 (0.72 to 1.25)
Do not know	377	0.75 (0.52 to 1.07)
Socioeconomic variables
Employment			<0.001
Working full time/part time	667	1
Long-term sick/disabled	746	0.42 (0.3 to 0.58)
Retired from paid work	948	0.55 (0.37 to 0.82)
Unemployed	185	0.51 (0.31 to 0.85)
Other	130	0.93 (0.54 to 1.6)
Accommodation			<0.001
Owned by you (outright or with a mortgage)	1533	1
Other	166	0.58 (0.34 to 1.0)
Part rent, part owned (shared ownership)	59	0.32 (0.13 to 0.74)
Rented privately from council/housing association	918	0.55 (0.41 to 0.75)
Car ownership
No	701	1
Yes	1975	1.98 (1.41 to 2.76)	<0.001
Education			0.08
GCSE, A level or NVQ 1–3	1115	1.26 (0.96 to 1.67)
Degree, higher or NVQ 4–5	477	1.06 (0.74 to 1.51)
No qualifications	1084	1
Center-level variables
Transplanting center
No	48	1
Yes	23	3.1 (2.36 to 4.07)	<0.001
No. of consultant nephrologists
≤6	30	1
>6	41	2.16 (1.5 to 3.1)	<0.001
Transplantation discussed with all patients
No	20	1
Yes	51	1.39 (1.08 to 1.78)	0.009

BMI, body mass index; GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; NVQ, National Vocational Qualification.

^aDerived using multivariable logistic regression and multiple imputation; 20 imputed datasets were modeled separately and then combined to produce final parameter estimates.

^bMissing data were imputed for BMI (n=243), comorbidity (n=30), time since first seen by a nephrologist (n=24), and socioeconomic variables (n=146).