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. 2020 Jun 5;15(6):e0234321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234321

Table 1. Results of literature search.

Study Subjects Imaging method Task Type of agency Contrast Coordinates (x,y,z) Coordinate space
Agnew et al., 2008 [28] 20 fMRI finger tap negative passive VS active finger tap 48 -30 26 MNI
32 -36 62
-52 -22 50
-46 -28 24
positive active VS passive finger tapping 4 -50 -20
Balslev et al., 2008 [51] 15 fMRI cursor movement negative asynchronous VS synchronous stimulation 54 -42 33 MNI
-42 -51 45
-54 -48 27
51 -24 -12
David et al., 2007 [38] 14 fMRI joystick movement negative incongruent VS congruent feedback 40 44 22 MNI
-2 -64 48
-40 -48 42
2 12 62
-42 -2 56
52 -34 -10
40 50 12
60 -42 38
34 4 60
-40 -40 58
-44 -66 10
Decety et al., 2002 [52] 18 PET hand manipulation of 3D geometrical objects positive imitation of the self by the other VS self action 54 -52 40 MNI
14 30 40
0 44 38
46 20 30
14 12 10
52 22 8
-6 12 56
-12 -50 40
Farrer et al., 2002 [25] 12 fMRI joystick movement negative other attribution VS self-attribution 44 -58 32 MNI
-48 -52 40
-6 -58 50
2 -50 44
-38 28 48
positive self-attribution VS other attribution 40 8 2
-36 -2 2
Farrer et al., 2003 [32] 8 PET joystick movement negative 25° deviation VS 0°, in conjunction with 50° VS 25° and other-controlled VS 50° 56 -56 36 MNI
-64 -58 32
0 14 54
50 10 58
12 30 42
Farrer et al., 2008 (Experiment 1) [33] 15 fMRI manual peg removal task: removing as many golf pegs as possible from a grid within a time limit negative delay VS no delay 44 -54 38 MNI
-40 -58 36
-48 -38 -54
-22 52 32
28 52 40
-30 24 -12
-10 26 64
-34 -20 66
-14 -42 6
Farrer et al., 2008 (Experiment 2) [33] 18 fMRI alternate index and middle finger movement negative perturbed visual feedback VS unperturbed visual feedback 58 -46 48 MNI
44 -50 60
-48 -46 56
-48 28 30
-44 22 36
28 54 -2
46 30 42
-54 18 20
38 50 -2
Fink et al., 1999 [42] 23 PET Luria’s bimanual coordination task: open and close the two hands negative out-of-phase VS in-phase hand movement 44 22 32 TAL
-50 18 48
50 -54 38
-52 -44 42
-30 -66 -42
Fukushima et al., 2013 [40] 17 fMRI key press negative no agency judgement VS agency judgement 48 -25 62 MNI
-8 0 31
-15 -32 -15
positive agency judgement VS no agency judgement 10 -42 20
38 -91 -8
-22 -84 -33
-5 -56 48
-33 -60 27
-36 21 41
38 18 13
Kontaris et al., 2009 [34] 11 fMRI hand actions, such as fist closing and finger extension negative incompatible VS compatible condition 57 -55 19 TAL
60 -46 -5
45 12 22
48 17 2
9 -55 34
42 5 34
0 38 43
-54 -52 16
-6 8 55
-45 11 31
-42 -46 -8
-42 20 2
positive compatible VS incompatible condition 24 -85 1
24 -76 16
Kühn et al., 2013 [35] 17 fMRI key press positive active VS passive condition -11 -8 74 MNI
Leube et al., 2003a [50] 6 fMRI open and close the hand negative displaying other’s hand VS own hand 12 -87 -6 MNI
9 39 24
9 -87 27
positive displaying own hand VS other’s hand 39 -75 -6
42 -60 -9
36 -72 24
-30 -81 21
45 9 24
27 -51 63
Leube et al., 2003b [20] 18 fMRI open and close the hand negative delay VS baseline 33 21 -6 MNI
54 12 9
48 6 36
51 -69 3
24 -93 15
-24 -96 9
-33 21 -6
-51 6 36
-3 18 48
-54 -24 27
-33 -36 63
-15 12 -6
Matsuzawa et al., 2005 [26] 6 fMRI key press negative delayed VS synchronous 10 -57 -6 TAL
36 -42 44
-2 -75 9
-40 -15 56
-10 -4 70
28 -1 61
57 12 3
positive synchronous VS delayed 26 -53 -19
38 -50 58
-38 -17 58
4 3 68
32 1 59
57 10 5
Miele et al., 2011 [21] 11 fMRI cursor movement negative conditions with turbulence VS conditions without turbulence 56 -34 26 MNI
68 -34 18
58 -34 14
48 -62 4
26 -16 68
14 -28 66
12 -8 68
-48 -34 18
-40 -48 24
-46 -66 8
-46 -56 10
-60 -64 6
-16 -38 70
-34 -42 70
-28 -58 64
Nahab et al., 2010 [36] 20 fMRI finger movement with virtual hand (cyber glove) negative coherent VS incoherent hand movement 56 -50 12 TAL
52 -46 18
20 8 56
62 -50 6
22 8 62
40 -46 14
58 -52 36
-50 -52 44
-38 -56 -40
32 2 54
-32 20 2
8 -56 42
-38 46 24
34 -58 36
-34 16 12
21 20 5
50 -56 24
40 26 42
38 10 32
52 -40 -4
8 8 54
46 -62 38
46 -56 50
-44 -50 38
44 8 54
-14 -70 -28
-46 40 18
Renes et al., 2015 [53] 23 fMRI key press to move a square on a screen positive agency over the square movement VS no agency -52 -68 32 MNI
-20 52 40
20 36 52
8 64 4
Schnell et al., 2007 [30] 15 fMRI bimanual joystick movement negative monitor of incongruence VS control condition 45 20 40 TAL
50 36 15
39 20 49
24 59 5
27 65 11
-3 20 40
-3 34 37
3 40 39
62 -51 22
53 -45 24
-59 -51 36
-50 -53 47
9 -71 39
62 -24 -14
65 -36 -11
-45 -58 8
0 -25 21
-15 -77 -31
positive control condition VS monitor of incongruence 62 4 25
-56 1 22
-3 61 -6
-36 -21 54
33 -29 54
-48 -18 42
33 -30 48
50 3 -5
-45 -6 -5
-65 -26 7
-15 -55 6
27 5 -8
30 -15 -2
-12 -60 -25
18 -54 -25
Spengler et al., 2009a [27] 17 fMRI finger movement negative increasing activation with increasing sensory-motor discrepancy 49 -52 18 TAL
-47 -55 12
Spengler et al., 2009b [41] 18 fMRI key press negative increasing activation with increasing sensory-motor discrepancy 49 -52 18 TAL
-47 -55 12
-35 17 24
Tsakiris et al., 2010 [37] 20 fMRI finger movement negative asynchronous VS synchronous stimulation 40 -58 26 MNI
52 -38 38
-38 20 2
-16 -84 -26
-12 -62 -38
40 52 14
24 48 -14
50 -46 -2
60 20 6
positive synchronous VS asynchronous stimulation -22 -54 -24
24 -40 54
38 -42 58
12 -48 -20
-44 -18 18
24 -72 36
Yomogida et al., 2010 [31] 24 fMRI joystick movement negative agency violation VS sensory match violation -22 -66 -12 MNI
-6 -4 52
6 8 60
30 -72 24
52 -58 12
42 -72 12

20 experiments (169 foci, 295 subjects) were identified for negative agency, and 11 experiments (58 foci, 165 subjects) for positive agency.