Fig. 2. Diffraction images of laser-shocked 4-μm-thick iron at selected delay times with schematic illustrations of corresponding shock propagation.

(A) Debye-Scherrer rings of α-phase (110), (200), (211), (220), and (310) reflections with a marginal trace from (222) peak at ambient conditions (0 ps). (B) 1D hydrodynamic HELIOS-CR simulation showing the expected breakout time at the rear surface of the sample. Diffraction images and corresponding shock propagation stages at delay times of (C) 250, (D) 500, (E) 700, and (F) 1200 ps.