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. 2020 Jun 5;11:2847. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16662-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Daily food intake. b Fat mass by NMR. c Subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) weight. d Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of sWAT. e sWAT cell size quantified by Image J analysis of H&E images. f Gene expression of Ucp1, Pgc1a, Cidea, Dio2, and Prdm16 in sWAT by RT-PCR. g Representative images of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of UCP1 in sWAT. h UCP1 protein in sWAT by western blotting (top) and quantified by densitometric analysis (bottom); A.U.: arbitrary units. Studies were conducted using 14- to 15-week-old male wild-type mice fed a control (Control) or leucine-deficient [(-) L] diet for 3 days. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n represents number of samples and are indicated above the bar graph), with individual data points. Data were analyzed by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.