Table 3.

Learning motivation in the intervention and control groups.

Learning motivation variablea,b	Control group (n=48), mean (SD)	Intervention group (n=46), mean (SD)	P valuec
Attention (12-60)	26.06 (9.64)	47.59 (7.20)	<.001
Relevance (9-45)	24.06 (6.58)	34.17 (5.08)	<.001
Confidence (9-45)	22.04 (6.96)	31.83 (5.13)	<.001
Satisfaction (6-30)	12.77 (4.55)	22.44 (4.25)	<.001
Total IMMSa score (36-180)	84.94 (25.37)	136.02 (19.25)	<.001

^aLearning motivation was measured using the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS).

^bEach category is presented with the possible range of its score in parentheses.

^cThe Student t test was used to examine the differences between groups. Significance was set at P<.05.