Table 1.

Characteristics of 55 patients with open fractures of long bone

Characteristics	Healed (n = 39)	Nonunion (n = 16)	p value*
Age (mean ± SD)	38.28 ± 15.68	41.78 ± 16.04	0.46
Gender (M/F)	21/18	9/7	0.87
Smoker	19	11	0.31
Comorbidities	9	5	0.53
Traffic accident	27	13	0.36
Multi-trauma	23	11	0.50
Gustilo grade (III)	3	5	0.02
Initial surgical debridement within 8 h	27	6	0.03
DR treatment	21	7	0.50

^*Data analyzed by Student’s t test or chi-square χ² test