Table 5.
Result of multivariable probit model analysis where diabetes defined as HbA1c > =6.5 and hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure > =140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > =90 mmHg or both. (n = 1054 female and 1191 male)
| Diabetes | Hypertension | Vitamin D deficiency | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
| Age |
0.014 (0.311) |
0.028 (0.023) | 0.059 (0.000) | 0.037 (0.003) | −0.016 (0.200) | −0.019 (0.129) |
| Age^2 | 0.000 (0.761) | −0.000 (0.589) | −0.000 (0.081) | − 0.000 (0.607) | 0.000 (0.700) | 0.000 (0.489) |
| Obesity | 0.177 (0.095) | 0.299 (0.004) | 0.183 (0.113) | 0.358 (0.000) | 0.031 (0.763) | 0.293 (0.009) |
| Central obesity | 0.060 (0.584) | 0.022 (0.839) | −0.071 (0.564) | 0.120 (0.242) | 0.127 (0.228) | −0.289 (0.015) |
| High income | 0.123 (0.403) | 0.177 (0.124) | −0.214 (0.228) | −0.009 (0.940) | − 0.039 (0.786) | 0.042 (0.749) |
| Vitamin D level | 0.001 (0.588) | 0.003 (0.245) | 0.003 (0.233) | −0.000 (0.984) | – | – |
| Ever smoker | – | – | 0.227 (0.568) | 0.086 (0.346) | – | – |
| Milk consumption | – | – | – | – | −0.294 (0.004) | −0.048 (0.677) |
| Sun exposure | – | – | – | – | −0.466 (0.004) | −0.001 (0.994) |
| Constant | −1.674 (0.000) | −2.098 (0.000) | −2.996 (0.000) | −2.313 (0.000) | 0.206 (0.422) | −0.506 (0.059) |
| Rho Diabetes | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.034 (0.573) | 0.053 (0.305) | −0.069 (0.265) | −0.035 (0.609) |
| Rho Hypertension | 0.034 (0.573) | 0.053 (0.305) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.082 (0.204) | 0.030 (0.660) |
| Rho Vitamin D deficiency | −0.069 (0.265) | −0.035 (0.609) | 0.082 (0.204) | 0.030 (0.660) | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Note: p value is reported in the parenthesis, figures in bold are significant at p < 0.05