Table 1.
Distribution of proximal and distal factors and ECC in countries with ECC data in 3–5 year olds and UN member states (n = 193)
| Factor | Mean (SD) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| With ECC data | All imputed | ||
| ECC in 3–5 year old children | 57.3 (22.4) | 62.4 (21.4) | 0.07 |
| GNI per capita- females | 16,506 (14,735) | 11,945 (12,495) | 0.008* |
| Females’ share of parliament seats, % of total | 22.3 (11.4) | 20.7 (11.5) | 0.28 |
| Legislators, senior officials and managers, females % of total | 30.3 (9.6) | 27.5 (11.0) | 0.12 |
| Youth unemployment rate, female: male ratio | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | – |
| Mandatory paid maternity leave in days | 113 (56) | 103 (54) | 0.17 |
| Voice and accountability, rank | 51.8 (29.9) | 49.1 (29.1) | 0.48 |
| Political stability and absence of violence/ terrorism, rank | 45.6 (27.7) | 47.5 (28.3) | 0.60 |
| Control of corruption, rank | 52.7 (30.2) | 47.7 (28.8) | 0.19 |
*: Statistically significant at P < 0.05